Waist circumference vs BMI – Obesity Body mass index (BMI) has long been a predictor of the morbidity and mortality that are due to numerous chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and stroke. In addition, it has been established that abdominal obesity, assessed by waist circumference (WC), predicts obesity-related health risk, and […]
Category: Nutrition Research Newsletter
Revising the energy RDAs for infants and children – U.S. Recommended Dietary Allowances – Pediatrics In an article in Nutrition Today, Janet Cryan and Rachel K. Johnson of the University of Vermont discuss possible changes in the US Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) for energy for infants and children. Studies using the state-of-the-art doubly labeled water […]
Diet and cervical cancer DIET AND CERVICAL CANCER Epidemiologic studies have suggested that carotenoids, vitamin A, vitamin C, and/or folate may protect against cancer. Many of these studies have investigated cervical dysplasia, a reversible condition which may or may not progress to invasive cancer, and most have used hospital controls. A study conducted by the […]
Gastric bypass improves liver disease J. Clar With the increasing incidence of obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now considered to be the most prevalent liver disease in the United States. The prevalence of NAFLD in the general population is estimated to range from 3% to 24% depending on the definition, 85% to 95% […]
Neurologic aspects of vitamin B12 deficiency – Vitamins and Minerals Some recent evidence suggests that the neurologic manifestations of vitamin [B.sub.12] deficiency have changed, reflecting either changes in the disease itself or improvements in diagnosis and treatment. The more recent cases appear to be less severe and more responsive to therapy. There have also been […]
Antioxidants improve cognition in elderly women – Geriatric Nutrition – Author Abstract As the population ages, there is a significant public health interest in determining ways to maintain cognitive functioning throughout later life. Experimental data has shown that it is likely that oxygen free radicals are involved in the deterioration of cognitive processes. Recently, observational […]
Body fat percentages measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry – Body Composition – diagnosing childhood obesity Although considerable support exists for the use of body mass index as an index of overweight in childhood, the most appropriate cutoffs with which to define overweight at this time of life have not been agreed upon internationally. An expert […]
Early enteral nutrition in critically ill children – Nutrition in Critical Care G. Briassoulis During critical illness, a cascade of events are initiated that lead to acceleration of protein degradation, decreased rate of synthesis of selected proteins, and increased amino acid catabolism and nitrogen loss. Severe depletion of lean body mass, which often occurs due […]
Calcium intake negatively related to body fat in children – Childhood Obesity – Author Abstract The increasing rate of overweight and obesity in American children is a growing concern among health professionals. Previous research has demonstrated that the best predictors of childhood adiposity were overweight at an earlier age, limited physical activity and parental obesity. […]
Effects of malnutrition on personality: a review EFFECTS OF MALNUTRITION ON PERSONALITY: A REVIEW There has been extensive scientific investigation of the effects of malnutrition on intellectual functioning. Much less is known about its impact on other aspects of human psychology. Josef Brozek of Lehigh University describes the limited literature in this field, consisting of […]