Section 2. Energy consumption by sector
U.S. total energy consumption in February 2003 was 8.4 quadrillion Btu, 6 percent higher than in February 2002.
Residential sector total consumption was 2.2 quadrillion Btu in February 2003, 15 percent higher than the February 2002 level. The sector accounted for 26 percent of total energy consumption.
Commercial sector total consumption was 1.5 quadrillion Btu in February 2003, 5 percent higher than the February 2002 level. The sector accounted for 18 percent of total energy consumption.
Industrial sector total consumption was 2.7 quadrillion Btu in February 2003, 3 percent higher than the February 2002 level. The sector accounted for 32 percent of total energy consumption.
Transportation sector total consumption was 2.0 quadrillion Btu in February 2003, 3 percent higher than the February 2002 level. The sector accounted for 24 percent of total energy consumption.
Electric power sector primary consumption was 2.9 quadrillion Btu in February 2003, 6 percent higher than the February 2002 level. Fossil fuels accounted for 68 percent of all primary energy consumed by the electric power sector; nuclear electric power 22 percent; and renewable energy 10 percent.
Figure 2.1 Energy Consumption by Sector (Quadrillion Btu)
Total Consumption by End-Use Sector, 1973-2002
[GRAPHIC OMITTED]
Total Consumption by End-Use Sector, Monthly
[GRAPHIC OMITTED]
By Sector, February 2003
Primary Consumption Total Consumption
Residential 1.037 2.203
Commercial 0.539 1.505
Industrial 1.909 2.721
Transportation 2.004 2.009
Electric Power 2.948
Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be compared.
Web Page: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/consump.html.
Source: Table 2.1.
Note: Table made from bar graph.
Table 2.1 Energy Consumption by Sector
(Quadrillion Btu)
End-Use Sectors
Residential Commercial (a)
Primary Total Primary Total
1973 Total 8.250 14.930 4.381 9.507
1974 Total 7.928 14.683 4.221 9.363
1975 Total 8.006 14.842 4.023 9.466
1976 Total 8.408 15.441 4.333 10.035
1977 Total 8.207 15.689 4.217 10.177
1978 Total 8.272 16.156 4.269 10.481
1979 Total 7.934 15.842 4.333 10.627
1980 Total 7.504 15.848 4.097 10.594
1981 Total 7.103 15.353 3.831 10.638
1982 Total 7.163 15.577 3.859 10.880
1983 Total 6.834 15.459 3.827 10.952
1984 Total 6.990 15.775 3.991 11.465
1985 Total 6.988 15.925 3.712 11.468
1986 Total 6.807 15.922 3.652 11.605
1987 Total 6.841 16.228 3.743 11.956
1988 Total 7.246 17.066 3.951 12.574
1989 Total 7.492 (R) 17.771 3.955 (R) 13.159
1990 Total 6.457 (R) 16.896 3.813 (R) 13.284
1991 Total 6.689 17.412 3.862 13.461
1992 Total 6.882 17.338 3.899 13.396
1993 Total 7.121 18.248 3.893 13.789
1994 Total 6.949 18.135 3.930 14.058
1995 Total 7.022 18.653 4.032 14.665
1996 Total 7.556 19.643 4.218 15.161
1997 Total 7.088 19.067 4.248 15.679
1998 Total (R) 6.462 (R) 19.051 (R) 3.961 (R) 15.969
1999 Total 6.810 19.634 4.001 16.365
2000 Total 7.144 20.451 4.228 17.166
2001 January 1.233 (R) 2.606 .624 (R) 1.694
February .990 (R) 2.042 .526 (R) 1.467
March .896 (R) 1.943 .476 (R) 1.514
April .577 (R) 1.484 .340 (R) 1.320
May .358 (R) 1.297 .232 (R) 1.345
June .293 (R) 1.420 .203 (R) 1.410
July .279 (R) 1.648 .203 (R) 1.491
August .273 (R) 1.719 .208 (R) 1.522
September .276 (R) 1.378 .208 (R) 1.334
October .406 (R) 1.345 .263 (R) 1.354
November .544 (R) 1.439 .313 (R) 1.327
December .825 (R) 1.927 .451 (R) 1.528
Total 6.947 (R) 20.257 4.047 (R) 17.298
2002 January 1.051 2.327 .550 (R) 1.594
February .901 (R) 1.923 .492 (R) 1.431
March .860 (R) 1.935 .471 (R) 1.500
April .581 (R) 1.533 .347 (R) 1.368
May .407 (R) 1.399 .262 (R) 1.373
June .305 (R) 1.526 .220 (R) 1.425
July .273 (R) 1.771 .206 (R) 1.516
August .259 (R) 1.716 .210 (R) 1.472
September .265 (R) 1.476 .211 (R) 1.358
October .414 1.423 .276 (R) 1.381
November .668 (R) 1.660 .389 (R) 1.422
December .987 (R) 2.209 .522 (R) 1.590
Total 6.971 (R) 20.901 4.156 (R) 17.426
2003 January (R) 1.204 (R) 2.567 (R) .609 (R) 1.719
February 1.037 2.203 .539 1.505
2-Month Total 2.241 4.771 1.148 3.224
2002 2-Month Total 1.952 4.250 1.042 3.025
2001 2-Month Total 2.223 4.649 1.150 3.161
End-Use Sectors
Industrial (b) Transportation
Primary Total Primary Total
1973 Total 24.741 32.653 18.576 18.612
1974 Total 23.816 31.819 18.086 18.119
1975 Total 21.454 29.447 18.209 18.244
1976 Total 22.685 31.429 19.065 19.099
1977 Total 23.193 32.307 19.784 19.820
1978 Total 23.277 32.733 20.580 20.615
1979 Total 24.211 33.962 20.436 20.471
1980 Total 22.673 32.152 19.658 19.696
1981 Total 21.404 30.836 19.469 19.506
1982 Total 19.112 27.704 19.032 19.069
1983 Total 18.598 27.511 19.098 19.141
1984 Total 20.208 29.643 19.761 19.808
1985 Total 19.540 28.958 20.023 20.070
1986 Total 19.133 26.375 20.768 20.817
1987 Total 20.046 29.519 21.405 21.455
1988 Total 20.958 30.818 22.261 22.312
1989 Total 20.888 (R) 31.396 22.497 22.551
1990 Total 21.235 (R) 31.918 22.472 22.526
1991 Total 20.903 31.527 22.069 22.122
1992 Total 21.806 32.673 22.406 22.459
1993 Total 21.738 32.668 22.830 22.883
1994 Total 22.376 33.557 23.448 23.503
1995 Total 22.643 33.941 23.905 23.960
1996 Total 23.364 34.905 24.456 24.511
1997 Total 23.608 35.168 24.753 24.808
1998 Total 23.067 (R) 34.777 25.297 25.352
1999 Total 22.826 34.679 26.033 26.090
2000 Total 22.844 34.721 26.647 26.707
2001 January 1.951 (R) 2.809 2.144 2.149
February 1.790 (R) 2.617 1.973 1.977
March 1.920 (R) 2.821 2.227 2.231
April 1.814 (R) 2.687 2.172 2.176
May 1.766 (R) 2.719 2.273 2.279
June 1.658 (R) 2.601 2.217 2.222
July 1.734 (R) 2.657 2.352 2.358
August 1.798 (R) 2.747 2.315 2.322
September 1.732 (R) 2.570 2.141 2.147
October 1.927 (R) 2.815 2.234 2.240
November 1.831 (R) 2.689 2.130 2.135
December 1.805 (R) 2.668 2.192 2.197
Total 21.726 (R) 32.397 26.370 26.432
2002 January (R) 1.974 2.822 2.101 2.106
February 1.831 (R) 2.651 1.945 1.949
March 1.937 2.831 (R) 2.192 2.197
April (R) 1.806 2.697 2.188 2.193
May (R) 1.837 2.789 2.286 2.290
June (R) 1.740 2.692 2.274 2.279
July (R) 1.810 2.793 (R) 2.329 2.335
August (R) 1.867 2.830 2.340 2.346
September (R) 1.771 (R) 2.676 2.184 2.189
October 1.897 2.813 2.235 2.240
November 1.873 (R) 2.774 2.208 2.212
December (R) 1.821 2.714 2.349 2.353
Total (R) 22.164 (R) 33.080 (R) 26.631 (R) 26.688
2003 January (R) 1.888 (R) 2.762 (R) 2.160 (R) 2.165
February 1.909 2.721 2.004 2.009
2-Month Total 3.797 5.484 4.164 4.173
2002 2-Month Total 3.805 5.472 4.046 4.055
2001 2-Month Total 3.741 5.425 4.116 4.126
Electric
Power
Sector (c,d)
Adjust-
Primary ments (e) Total (b)
1973 Total 19.753 0.007 75.708
1974 Total 19.933 .007 73.991
1975 Total 20.307 .001 71.999
1976 Total 21.513 .008 76.012
1977 Total 22.591 .007 78.000
1978 Total 23.587 .002 79.986
1979 Total 23.987 .002 80.903
1980 Total 24.359 -.001 78.289
1981 Total 24.525 .003 76.335
1982 Total 24.063 .004 73.234
1983 Total 24.705 .003 73.066
1984 Total 25.741 .003 76.693
1985 Total 26.158 -.004 76.417
1986 Total 26.359 .003 76.722
1987 Total 27.124 -.003 79.156
1988 Total 28.354 .003 82.774
1989 Total (Rd) 30.044 (R) .009 (R) 84.886
1990 Total (R) 30.647 (R) -.020 (R) 84.605
1991 Total 30.999 .001 84.522
1992 Total 30.873 (s) 85.866
1993 Total 32.006 -.010 87.578
1994 Total 32.551 -.006 89.248
1995 Total 33.616 .003 91.221
1996 Total 34.626 .004 94.224
1997 Total 35.024 .006 94.727
1998 Total (R) 36.363 (R) -.003 (R) 95.146
1999 Total 37.097 .006 96.774
2000 Total 38.181 .002 99.047
2001 January (R) 3.306 (R) .001 (R) 9.259
February (R) 2.824 (R) -.003 (R) 8.100
March (R) 2.990 (R) -.004 (R) 8.505
April (R) 2.764 (R) -.004 (R) 7.663
May (R) 3.010 (R) (s) (R) 7.639
June (R) 3.283 (R) .003 (R) 7.655
July (R) 3.586 (R) .006 (R) 8.160
August (R) 3.715 (R) .007 (R) 8.317
September (R) 3.072 (R) .002 (R) 7.430
October (R) 2.923 (R) (s) (R) 7.753
November (R) 2.773 (R) (s) (R) 7.591
December (R) 3.048 (R) .003 (R) 8.323
Total (R) 37.294 (R) .011 (R) 96.395
2002 January (R) 3.172 (R) .001 (R) 8.849
February (R) 2.784 (R) -.002 (R) 7.952
March (R) 3.002 (R) -.001 (R) 8.462
April (R) 2.867 (R) -.001 (R) 7.789
May (R) 3.060 (R) .001 (R) 7.852
June (R) 3.384 (R) .005 (R) 7.927
July (R) 3.796 (R) .009 (R) 8.425
August (R) 3.686 (R) .008 (R) 8.371
September (R) 3.269 (R) .005 (R) 7.705
October (R) 3.036 (R) (s) (R) 7.858
November (R) 2.930 (R) -.001 (R) 8.067
December (R) 3.187 (R) .001 (R) 8.866
Total (R) 38.173 (R) .026 (R) 98.122
2003 January (R) 3.353 (R) .001 (R) 9.214
February (F) 2.948 -.003 8.435
2-Month Total (E) 6.301 -.002 17.649
2002 2-Month Total 5.956 -.001 16.801
2001 2-Month Total 6.130 -.002 17.358
(a) Commercial sector fuel use, including that at commercial
combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and commercial electricity-only
plants. See note at end of Section 7.
(b) Industrial sector fuel use, including that at industrial
combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and industrial electricity-only
plants. See note at end of Section 7.
(c) The electric power sector comprises electricity-only and
combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS 22 category
whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and
heat, to the public.
(d) Through 1988, data are for consumption at electric utilities
only. Beginning in 1989, data also include consumption at
independent power producers.
(e) A balancing item. The sum of primary consumption in the five
energy-use sectors equals the sum of total consumption in the
four end-use sectors. However, total energy consumption does not
equal the sum of the sectoral components due to the use of
sector-specific conversion factors for coal and natural gas.
R=Revised.
(s)=Less than 0.5 trillion Btu.
Notes: * Primary consumption includes coal, natural gas, petroleum,
nuclear electric power, hydroelectric power, wood, waste, alcohol
fuels, geothermal, solar, wind, coal coke net imports, and electricity
net imports. * Total consumption includes primary consumption,
electricity retail sales, and electrical system energy losses. *
Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.
* Geographic coverage is the 50 States and the District of Columbia.
Figure 2.2 Residential Sector Energy Consumption (Quadrillion Btu)
By Major Sources, 1973-2002
[GRAPHIC OMITTED]
By Major Sources, Monthly
[GRAPHIC OMITTED]
Total, January-February
2001 4.649
2002 4.250
2003 4.771
By Major Sources, February 2003
Natural Gas 0.848
Electricity 0.382
Petroleum 0.156
Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be compared.
Web Page: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/consump.html.
Source: Table 2.2.
Note: Tables made from bar graph.
Table 2.2 Residential Sector Energy Consumption
(Quadrillion Btu)
Primary Consumption
Fossil Fuels
Natural
Coal Gas (a) Petroleum Total
1973 Total 0.094 4.977 2.825 7.896
1974 Total .082 4.901 2.573 7.557
1975 Total .063 5.023 2.495 7.580
1976 Total .059 5.147 2.720 7.927
1977 Total .057 4.913 2.695 7.666
1978 Total .049 4.981 2.620 7.651
1979 Total .037 5.055 2.114 7.206
1980 Total .031 4.866 1.748 6.645
1981 Total .030 4.660 1.543 6.234
1982 Total .032 4.753 1.441 6.226
1983 Total .031 4.516 1.362 5.909
1984 Total .038 4.692 1.337 6.067
1965 Total .035 4.571 1.483 6.089
1986 Total .035 4.439 1.457 5.931
1987 Total .032 4.449 1.508 5.989
1988 Total .034 4.765 1.563 6.361
1989 Total .028 4.929 1.560 6.517
1990 Total .028 4.523 1.263 5.814
1991 Total .023 4.697 1.293 6.012
1992 Total .024 4.835 1.311 6.170
1993 Total .024 5.095 1.385 6.504
1994 Total .021 4.988 1.333 6.342
1995 Total .017 4.981 1.356 6.355
1996 Total .017 5.383 1.489 6.888
1997 Total .016 5.118 1.448 6.582
1998 Total .012 4.669 1.322 6.003
1999 Total .014 4.858 1.452 6.324
2000 Total .011 5.121 1.508 6.641
2001 January .001 1.013 .178 1.193
February .001 .807 .145 .953
March .001 .705 .149 .856
April .001 .414 .123 .538
May .001 .216 .100 .317
June .001 .152 .101 .254
July .001 .128 .109 .238
August .001 .121 .110 .232
September .001 .132 .104 .237
October .001 .247 .118 .366
November .001 .377 .126 .504
December .002 .634 .148 .784
Total .012 4.948 1.511 6.471
2002 January .001 .845 .169 1.015
February .001 .725 .143 .869
March .001 .686 .138 .824
April .001 .432 .114 .547
May .001 .266 .104 .371
June .001 .168 .102 .271
July .001 .132 .105 .238
August .001 .121 .102 .224
September .001 .129 .101 .230
October .001 .257 .120 .379
November .001 .503 .129 .633
December .002 .795 .155 .951
Total .012 5.058 1.483 (R) 6.552
2003 January .001 (R) .973 .193 (R) 1.168
February .001 (F) .848 .156 1.005
2-Month Total .003 (E) 1.821 .349 2.173
2002 2-Month Total .002 1.570 .312 1.885
2001 2-Month Total .003 1.820 .324 2.146
Primary Consumption
Renewable Energy
Geo- Total
Wood thermal (b) Solar (c) Total Primary
1973 Total 0.354 NA NA 0.354 8.250
1974 Total .371 NA NA .371 7.928
1975 Total .425 NA NA .425 8.006
1976 Total .482 NA NA .482 8.408
1977 Total .542 NA NA .542 8.207
1978 Total .622 NA NA .622 8.272
1979 Total .728 NA NA .728 7.934
1980 Total .859 NA NA .859 7.504
1981 Total .869 NA NA .869 7.103
1982 Total .937 NA NA .937 7.163
1983 Total .925 NA NA .925 6.834
1984 Total .923 NA NA .923 6.990
1965 Total .899 NA NA .899 6.988
1986 Total .876 NA NA .876 6.807
1987 Total .852 NA NA .852 6.841
1988 Total .885 NA NA .885 7.246
1989 Total .918 .005 .053 .976 7.492
1990 Total .581 .006 .056 .642 6.457
1991 Total .613 .006 .058 .677 6.689
1992 Total .645 .006 .060 .711 6.882
1993 Total .548 .007 .062 .616 7.121
1994 Total .537 .006 .064 .607 6.949
1995 Total .596 .007 .065 .667 7.022
1996 Total .595 .007 (R) .065 .667 7.556
1997 Total .433 .008 .065 .506 7.088
1998 Total .387 .008 .065 .459 (R) 6.462
1999 Total .414 .009 .064 .486 6.810
2000 Total .433 .009 (R) .061 .503 7.144
2001 January .035 .001 .005 .040 1.233
February .031 .001 .005 .037 .990
March .035 .001 .005 .040 .896
April .033 .001 .005 .039 .577
May .035 .001 .005 .040 .358
June .033 .001 .005 .039 .293
July .035 .001 .005 .040 .279
August .035 .001 .005 .040 .273
September .033 .001 .005 .039 .276
October .035 .001 .005 .040 .406
November .033 .001 .005 .039 .544
December .035 .001 .005 .040 .825
Total .407 .009 .060 .476 6.947
2002 January .030 .001 .005 .036 1.051
February .027 .001 .004 .032 .901
March .030 .001 .005 .036 .860
April .029 .001 .005 .034 .581
May .030 .001 .005 .036 .407
June .029 .001 .005 .034 .305
July .030 .001 .005 .036 .273
August .030 .001 .005 .036 .259
September .029 .001 .005 .034 .265
October .030 .001 .005 .036 .414
November .029 .001 .005 .034 .668
December .030 .001 .005 .036 .987
Total .350 .010 .058 .419 6.971
2003 January .030 .001 .005 .036 (R) 1.204
February .027 .001 .004 .032 1.037
2-Month Total .057 .002 .009 .068 2.241
2002 2-Month Total .057 .002 .009 .068 1.952
2001 2-Month Total .066 .002 .010 .077 2.223
Electrical
Electricity System
Retail Energy
Sales (d) Losses (e) Total
1973 Total 1.976 4.703 14.930
1974 Total 1.973 4.783 14.683
1975 Total 2.007 4.829 14.842
1976 Total 2.069 4.963 15.441
1977 Total 2.202 5.280 15.689
1978 Total 2.301 5.582 16.156
1979 Total 2.330 5.578 15.842
1980 Total 2.448 5.897 15.848
1981 Total 2.464 5.786 15.353
1982 Total 2.489 5.925 15.577
1983 Total 2.562 6.063 15.459
1984 Total 2.662 6.123 15.775
1965 Total 2.709 6.227 15.925
1986 Total 2.795 6.320 15.922
1987 Total 2.902 6.485 16.228
1988 Total 3.946 6.774 17.066
1989 Total 3.090 (R) 7.189 (R) 17.771
1990 Total 3.153 (R) 7.287 (R) 16.896
1991 Total 3.260 7.463 17.412
1992 Total 3.193 7.263 17.338
1993 Total 3.394 7.733 18.248
1994 Total 3.441 7.746 18.135
1995 Total 3.557 8.073 18.653
1996 Total 3.694 8.393 19.643
1997 Total 3.671 8.308 19.067
1998 Total 3.856 (R) 8.733 (R) 19.051
1999 Total 3.906 8.917 19.634
2000 Total 4.069 9.238 20.451
2001 January .438 (R) .935 (R) 2.606
February .345 (R) .708 (R) 2.042
March .319 (R) .727 (R) 1.943
April .283 (R) .624 (R) 1.484
May .278 (R) .661 (R) 1.297
June .337 (R) .790 (R) 1.420
July .409 (R) .960 (R) 1.648
August .438 (R) 1.008 (R) 1.719
September .360 (R) .743 (R) 1.378
October .291 (R) .648 (R) 1.345
November .277 (R) .618 (R) 1.439
December .329 (R) .774 (R) 1.927
Total 4.103 (R) 9.206 (R) 20.257
2002 January .402 (R) .873 2.327
February .332 (R) .690 (R) 1.923
March .328 .747 (R) 1.935
April .294 (R) .658 (R) 1.533
May .299 (R) .693 (R) 1.399
June .368 (R) .852 (R) 1.526
July .456 (R) 1.043 (R) 1.771
August .457 (R) .999 (R) 1.716
September .393 (R) .819 (R) 1.476
October .322 .687 1.423
November .304 (R) .689 (R) 1.660
December .373 (R) .850 (R) 2.209
Total 4.327 (R) 9.603 (R) 20.901
2003 January .428 (R) .936 (R) 2.567
February .382 .784 2.203
2-Month Total .810 1.720 4.771
2002 2-Month Total .734 1.563 4.250
2001 2-Month Total .783 1.643 4.649
(a) includes supplemental gaseous fuels.
(b) Geothermal heat pump and direct use energy.
(c) Solar thermal direct use and photovoltaic electricity
generation. Includes small amounts of commercial sector use.
(d) Electricity retail sales to ultimate customers reported
by electric utilities and other energy service providers.
(e) See Note 12 at end of section.
(R)=Revised.
(E)=Estimate.
NA=Not available.
(F)=Forecast.
Notes: * Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent
rounding. * Geographic coverage is the 50 States and the District
of Columbia.
Web Page: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/consump.html.
Additional Notes and Sources: See end of section.
Figure 2.3 Commercial Sector Energy Consumption (Quadrillion Btu)
By Major Sources, 1973-2002
[GRAPHIC OMITTED]
By Major Sources, Monthly
[GRAPHIC OMITTED]
Total, January-February
2001 3.161
2002 3.025
2003 3.224
By Major Sources, February 2003
Natural Gas 0.446
Electricity 0.316
Petroleum 0.076
Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be
compared.
Web Page: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/consump.html.
Source: Table 2.3.
Note: Tables made from bra graph.
Table 2.3 Commercial Sector Energy Consumption
(Quadrillion Btu)
Primary Consumption
Fossil Fuels
Natural
Coal Gas (a) Petroleum Total
1973 Total 0.160 2.649 1.565 4.374
1974 Total .175 2.617 1.423 4.214
1975 Total .147 2.558 1.310 4.015
1976 Total .144 2.718 1.461 4.324
1977 Total .148 2.548 1.511 4.207
1978 Total .165 2.643 1.450 4.257
1979 Total .149 2.836 1.334 4.319
1980 Total .115 2.674 1.288 4.076
1981 Total .137 2.583 1.090 3.810
1982 Total .155 2.673 1.008 3.837
1983 Total .162 2.508 1.136 3.805
1984 Total .171 2.600 1.198 3.969
1985 Total .141 2.508 1.039 3.688
1986 Total .141 2.386 1.099 3.625
1987 Total .129 2.505 1.079 3.714
1988 Total .134 2.748 1.037 3.919
1989 Total .118 2.802 .973 3.893
1990 Total .128 2.701 .913 3.742
1991 Total .118 2.813 .859 3.791
1992 Total .118 2.890 .811 3.818
1993 Total .119 2.942 .749 3.810
1994 Total .118 2.979 .747 3.844
1995 Total .117 3.113 .710 3.940
1996 Total .122 3.244 .742 4.108
1997 Total .129 3.302 .703 4.134
1998 Total (R) .093 3.098 .658 (R) 3.850
1999 Total .103 3.130 .655 3.887
2000 Total .092 3.301 .726 4.119
2001 January .012 .514 .091 .616
February .009 .436 .074 .519
March .008 .387 .073 .469
April .008 .264 .060 .333
May .005 .171 .049 .225
June .006 .141 .049 .195
July .007 .136 .052 .195
August .007 .141 .052 .200
September .005 .147 .048 .200
October .006 .193 .057 .256
November .008 .237 .060 .306
December .014 .357 .072 .443
Total .097 3.123 .737 3.957
2002 January .011 .445 .086 .542
February .009 .405 .070 .485
March .009 .385 .069 .463
April .008 .274 .057 .339
May .006 .198 .049 .253
June .005 .158 .049 .212
July .008 .141 .049 .198
August .007 .146 .049 .202
September .005 .150 .048 .203
October .006 .206 .055 .267
November .010 .310 .062 .381
December .013 .420 .081 .513
Total .097 3.238 .724 4.059
2003 January .012 (R) .498 .092 (R) .602
February .009 (F) .446 .076 .532
2-Month Total .021 (E) .944 .168 1.133
2002 2-Month Total .020 .850 .156 1.027
2001 2-Month Total .021 .950 .165 1.136
Primary Consumption
Renewable Energy
Wood
Hydro- and Geo-
power (b) Waste thermal (c) Total
1973 Total NA 0.007 NA .007
1974 Total NA .007 NA .007
1975 Total NA .008 NA .008
1976 Total NA .009 NA .009
1977 Total NA .010 NA .010
1978 Total NA .012 NA .012
1979 Total NA .014 NA .014
1980 Total NA .021 NA .021
1981 Total NA .021 NA .021
1982 Total NA .022 NA .022
1983 Total NA .022 NA .022
1984 Total NA .022 NA .022
1985 Total NA .024 NA .024
1986 Total NA .027 NA .027
1987 Total NA .029 NA .029
1988 Total NA .032 NA .032
1989 Total .001 .058 .003 .061
1990 Total .001 .067 .003 .071
1991 Total .001 .068 .003 .072
1992 Total .001 .076 .003 .081
1993 Total .001 .079 .003 .084
1994 Total .001 .081 .004 .086
1995 Total .001 .086 .005 .092
1996 Total .001 .103 .005 .110
1997 Total .001 .107 .006 .113
1998 Total .001 .102 .007 .111
1999 Total .001 .106 .007 .114
2000 Total .001 .100 .008 .109
2001 January (s) .007 .001 .007
February (s) .006 .001 .007
March (s) .007 .001 .007
April (s) .007 .001 .007
May (s) .007 .001 .008
June (s) .007 .001 .008
July (s) .007 .001 .008
August (s) .007 .001 .008
September (s) .007 .001 .007
October (s) .007 .001 .007
November (s) .006 .001 .007
December (s) .007 .001 .008
Total .001 .081 .008 .090
2002 January (s) .007 .001 .008
February (s) .007 .001 .007
March (s) .007 .001 .008
April (s) .007 .001 .008
May (s) .007 .001 .008
June (s) .007 .001 .008
July (s) .008 .001 .008
August (s) .007 .001 .008
September (s) .007 .001 .008
October (s) .008 .001 .009
November (s) .007 .001 .008
December (s) (R) .008 .001 .008
Total .001 .088 .009 (R) .097
2003 January (s) .007 .001 (R) .007
February (s) .007 .001 .008
2-Month Total (s) .014 .001 .015
2002 2-Month Total (s) .014 .001 .016
2001 2-Month Total (s) .013 .001 .014
Primary
Consump-
tion Electrical
Electricity System
Total Retail Energy
Primary Sales (d) Losses (e) Total
1973 Total 4.381 1.517 3.609 9.507
1974 Total 4.221 1.501 3.640 9.363
1975 Total 4.023 1.598 3.845 9.466
1976 Total 4.333 1.678 4.025 10.035
1977 Total 4.217 1.754 4.206 10.177
1978 Total 4.269 1.813 4.398 10.481
1979 Total 4.333 1.854 4.439 10.627
1980 Total 4.097 1.906 4.591 10.594
1981 Total 3.831 2.033 4.774 10.638
1982 Total 3.859 2.077 4.944 10.880
1983 Total 3.827 2.116 5.008 10.952
1984 Total 3.991 2.264 5.209 11.465
1985 Total 3.712 2.351 5.405 11.468
1986 Total 3.652 2.439 5.515 11.605
1987 Total 3.743 2.539 5.674 11.956
1988 Total 3.951 2.675 5.948 12.574
1989 Total 3.955 2.767 (R) 6.437 (R) 13.159
1990 Total 3.813 2.860 (R) 6.611 (R) 13.284
1991 Total 3.862 2.918 6.681 13.461
1992 Total 3.899 2.900 6.596 13.396
1993 Total 3.893 3.019 6.877 13.789
1994 Total 3.930 3.116 7.013 14.058
1995 Total 4.032 3.252 7.381 14.665
1996 Total 4.218 3.344 7.599 15.161
1997 Total 4.248 3.503 7.928 15.679
1998 Total (R) 3.961 3.678 (R) 8.330 (R) 15.969
1999 Total 4.001 3.766 8.597 16.365
2000 Total 4.228 3.956 8.982 17.166
2001 January .624 .342 (R) .729 (R) 1.694
February .526 .308 (R) .633 (R) 1.467
March .476 .317 (R) .721 (R) 1.514
April .340 .306 (R) .674 (R) 1.320
May .232 .329 (R) .783 (R) 1.345
June .203 .361 (R) .846 (R) 1.410
July .203 .385 (R) .903 (R) 1.491
August .208 .398 (R) .916 (R) 1.522
September .208 .367 (R) .759 (R) 1.334
October .263 .338 (R) .753 (R) 1.354
November .313 .314 (R) .701 (R) 1.327
December .451 .321 (R) .756 (R) 1.528
Total 4.047 4.085 (R) 9.166 (R) 17.298
2002 January .550 (R) .329 (R) .715 (R) 1.594
February .492 (R) .305 (R) .633 (R) 1.431
March .471 (R) .314 (R) .715 (R) 1.500
April .347 (R) .315 (R) .705 (R) 1.368
May .262 (R) .335 (R) .776 (R) 1.373
June .220 (R) .364 (R) .842 (R) 1.425
July .206 (R) .398 (R) .911 (R) 1.516
August .210 (R) .396 (R) .865 (R) 1.472
September .211 (R) .372 (R) .775 (R) 1.358
October .276 (R) .353 (R) .753 (R) 1.381
November .389 (R) .316 (R) .717 (R) 1.422
December .522 (R) .326 (R) .742 (R) 1.590
Total 4.156 (R) 4.122 (R) 9.148 (R) 17.426
2003 January (R) .609 (R) .348 (R) .762 (R) 1.719
February .539 .316 .649 1.505
2-Month Total 1.148 .665 1.411 3.224
2002 2-Month Total 1.042 .634 1.348 3.025
2001 2-Month Total 1.150 .650 1.361 3.161
(a) Includes supplemental gaseous fuels.
(b) Conventional hydroelectric power.
(c) Geothermal heat pump and direct use energy.
(d) Electricity retail sales to ultimate customers reported by
electric utilities and other energy service providers.
(e) See Note 12 at end of section.
(R)=Revised.
(E)=Estimate.
NA=Not available.
(F)=Forecast.
(s)=Less than 0.5 trillion Btu.
Notes: * Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent
rounding. * Geographic coverage is the 50 States and the District of
Columbia.
Web Page: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/consump.html.
Additional Notes and Sources: See end of section.
Figure 2.4 Industrial Sector Energy Consumption (Quadrillion Btu)
By Major Sources, 1973-2002
[GRAPHIC OMITTED]
By Major Sources, Monthly
[GRAPHIC OMITTED]
Total, January-February
2001 5.425
2002 5.472
2003 5.484
By Major Sources, February 2003
Petroleum 0.775
Natural Gas 0.803
Electricity 0.266
Renewable Energy 0.136
Coal 0.181
Note: Because scales differ, graphs should not be compared.
Web Page: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/comsump.html.
Source: Table 2.4.
Note: Table made from bar graph.
Table 2.4 Industrial Sector Energy Consumption
(Quadrillion Btu)
Primary Consumption
Fossil Fuels
Natural
Coal Gas (a) Petroleum Total (b)
1973 Total 4.057 10.388 9.100 23.541
1974 Total 3.870 10.004 8.694 22.624
1975 Total 3.667 8.532 8.146 20.359
1976 Total 3.661 8.762 9.010 21.432
1977 Total 3.454 8.635 9.774 21.879
1978 Total 3.314 8.539 9.867 21.845
1979 Total 3.593 8.549 10.568 22.773
1980 Total 3.155 8.395 9.525 21.040
1981 Total 3.157 8.257 8.285 19.682
1982 Total 2.552 7.121 7.794 17.446
1983 Total 2.490 6.826 7.420 16.720
1984 Total 2.842 7.448 8.014 18.292
1985 Total 2.760 7.080 7.805 17.632
1986 Total 2.641 6.690 7.920 17.234
1987 Total 2.673 7.323 8.151 18.155
1988 Total 2.828 7.696 8.430 18.993
1989 Total 2.787 8.131 8.126 19.074
1990 Total 2.756 8.502 8.305 19.568
1991 Total 2.601 8.619 8.047 19.277
1992 Total 2.515 8.967 8.617 20.133
1993 Total 2.496 9.120 8.399 20.042
1994 Total 2.510 9.172 8.792 20.532
1995 Total 2.488 9.637 8.552 20.739
1996 Total 2.434 9.947 8.989 21.393
1997 Total 2.395 9.976 9.215 21.632
1998 Total 2.335 9.806 9.017 21.226
1999 Total 2.227 9.415 9.284 20.983
2000 Total 2.256 9.642 9.053 21.017
2001 January .194 .806 .803 1.807
February .194 .751 .716 1.663
March .201 .789 .790 1.782
April .186 .738 .749 1.679
May .187 .699 .746 1.636
June .184 .651 .688 1.526
July .185 .692 .720 1.598
August .186 .709 .760 1.658
September .182 .693 .723 1.600
October .185 .738 .857 1.784
November .175 .735 .782 1.695
December .170 .762 .733 1.666
Total 2.230 8.763 9.069 20.093
2002 January .176 .838 .811 1.824
February .174 .767 .753 1.697
March .178 .804 .805 1.796
April .169 .774 .719 (R) 1.662
May .171 .747 .772 (R) 1.694
June .169 .721 (R) .703 (R) 1.596
July .169 .747 (R) .737 1.663
August .171 .768 (R) .778 (R) 1.724
September .171 .719 (R) .730 (R) 1.628
October .185 .771 (R) .789 (R) 1.750
November .180 .773 (R) .770 (R) 1.732
December .180 .810 (R) .682 (R) 1.675
Total 2.092 9.239 (R) 9.049 (R) 20.442
2003 January .181 (R) .759 (R) .812 (R) 1.753
February .181 (F) .803 .775 1.773
2-Month Total .362 (E) 1.563 1.587 3.525
2002 2-Month Total .350 1.605 1.563 3.521
2001 2-Month Total .388 1.557 1.520 3.470
Primary Consumption
Renewable Energy
Wood (d)
Hydro- and Geo-
power (c) Waste (e) thermal (f) Total
1973 Total 0.035 1.165 NA 1.200
1974 Total .033 1.159 NA 1.192
1975 Total .032 1.063 NA 1.096
1976 Total .033 1.220 NA 1.253
1977 Total .033 1.281 NA 1.314
1978 Total .032 1.400 NA 1.432
1979 Total .034 1.405 NA 1.439
1980 Total .033 1.600 NA 1.633
1981 Total .033 1.689 NA 1.722
1982 Total .033 1.634 NA 1.667
1983 Total .033 1.845 NA 1.879
1984 Total .033 1.883 NA 1.916
1985 Total .033 1.875 NA 1.908
1986 Total .033 1.866 NA 1.899
1987 Total .033 1.858 NA 1.891
1988 Total .033 1.933 NA 1.965
1989 Total .028 1.784 .002 1.814
1990 Total .031 1.634 .002 1.667
1991 Total .030 1.595 .002 1.626
1992 Total .031 1.640 .002 1.672
1993 Total .030 1.664 .002 1.696
1994 Total .062 1.779 .003 1.844
1995 Total .055 1.847 .003 1.905
1996 Total .061 1.907 .003 1.971
1997 Total .058 1.915 .000 1.976
1998 Total .055 1.784 .003 1.841
1999 Total .049 1.791 .004 1.843
2000 Total .042 1.781 .004 1.828
2001 January .002 .141 (s) .144
February .002 .124 (s) .127
March .003 .134 (s) .137
April .003 .132 (s) .135
May .003 .127 (s) .130
June .003 .128 (s) .132
July .002 .133 (S) .136
August .003 .137 (S) .141
September .002 .129 (s) .132
October .002 .140 (S) .143
November .002 .134 (s) .137
December .003 .136 (s) .139
Total .002 1.595 .005 1.633
2002 January .003 .147 (s) .150
February .003 (R) .130 (s) .134
March .003 (R) .137 (s) .141
April .004 .140 (s) .144
May .004 .138 (s) (R) .142
June .003 .140 (s) .144
July .003 .145 (s) .148
August .002 (R) .140 (s) .143
September .002 .141 (s) .143
October .003 .142 (s) .146
November .005 (R) .136 (s) (R) .141
December .006 (R) .140 (s) (R) .146
Total .041 1.677 .005 1.722
2003 January (R) .004 (R) .131 (s) (R) .135
February .003 .133 (s) .136
2-Month Total .008 .263 .001 .272
2002 2-Month Total .006 .277 .001 .284
2001 2-Month Total .005 .266 .001 .271
Primary Consumption
Electrical
Electricity System
Total Retail Energy
Primary Sales (g) Losses (h) Total (b)
1973 Total 24.741 2.341 5.571 32.653
1974 Total 23.816 2.337 5.666 31.819
1975 Total 21.454 2.346 5.647 29.447
1976 Total 22.685 2.573 6.171 31.429
1977 Total 23.193 2.682 6.432 32.307
1978 Total 23.277 2.761 6.696 32.733
1979 Total 24.211 2.873 6.878 33.962
1980 Total 22.673 2.781 6.698 32.152
1981 Total 21.404 2.817 6.615 30.836
1982 Total 19.112 2.542 6.050 27.704
1983 Total 18.598 2.648 6.265 27.511
1984 Total 20.208 2.859 6.576 29.643
1985 Total 19.540 2.855 6.563 28.958
1986 Total 19.133 2.834 6.408 28.375
1987 Total 20.046 2.928 6.545 29.519
1988 Total 20.958 3.059 6.801 30.818
1989 Total 20.888 3.158 (R) 7.349 (R) 31.396
1990 Total 21.235 3.226 (R) 7.457 (R) 31.918
1991 Total 20.903 3.230 7.394 31.527
1992 Total 21.806 3.319 7.548 32.673
1993 Total 21.738 3.334 7.596 32.668
1994 Total 22.376 3.439 7.742 33.557
1995 Total 22.643 3.455 7.842 33.941
1996 Total 23.364 3.527 8.014 34.905
1997 Total 23.608 3.542 8.017 35.168
1998 Total 23.067 3.587 8.124 (R) 34.777
1999 Total 22.826 3.611 8.242 34.679
2000 Total 22.844 3.631 8.245 34.721
2001 January 1.951 .274 (R) .584 (R) 2.809
February 1.790 .271 (R) .556 (R) 2.617
March 1.920 .275 (R) .626 (R) 2.821
April 1.814 .272 (R) .600 (R) 2.687
May 1.766 .282 (R) .671 (R) 2.719
June 1.658 .282 (R) .661 (R) 2.601
July 1.734 .276 (R) .647 (R) 2.657
August 1.798 .287 (R) .661 (R) 2.747
September 1.732 .273 (R) .565 (R) 2.570
October 1.927 .275 (R) .613 (R) 2.815
November 1.831 .265 (R) .592 (R) 2.689
December 1.805 .257 (R) .606 (R) 2.668
Total 21.726 3.290 (R) 7.381 (R) 32.397
2002 January (R) 1.974 .267 .580 2.822
February 1.831 .267 (R) .553 (R) 2.651
March 1.937 (R) .272 .621 2.831
April (R) 1.806 .275 (R) .616 2.697
May (R) 1.837 .287 .665 2.789
June (R) 1.740 .288 (R) .665 2.692
July (R) 1.810 .299 (R) .684 2.793
August (R) 1.867 (R) .303 (R) .660 2.830
September (R) 1.771 .293 (R) .612 (R) 2.676
October 1.897 .292 (R) .624 2.813
November 1.873 .276 (R) .625 (R) 2.774
December (R) 1.821 .272 (R) .621 2.714
Total (R) 22.164 3.391 (R) 7.525 (R) 33.080
2003 January (R) 1.888 (R) .274 (R) .600 (R) 2.762
February 1.909 .266 .546 2.721
2-Month Total 3.797 .540 1.146 5.484
2002 2-Month Total 3.805 .534 1.134 5.472
2001 2-Month Total 3.741 .545 1.140 5.425
(a) Includes supplemental gaseous fuels.
(b) Includes coal coke net imports, which are not separately displayed.
See Table 1.4.
(c) Conventional hydroelectric power.
(d) Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste.
(e) Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires,
agricultural byproducts, and other biomass.
(f) Geothermal heat pump and direct use energy.
(g) Electricity retail sales to ultimate customers reported by
electric utilities and other energy service providers.
(h) See Note 12 at end of section.
(R)=Revised.
(E)=Estimate.
NA=Not available.
(F)=Forecast.
(s)=Less than 0.5 trillion Btu.
Notes: * Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent
rounding. * Geographic coverage is the 50 States and the District
of Columbia.
Web Page: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/consump.html.
Additional Notes and Sources: See end of section.
Figure 2.5 Transportation Sector Energy Consumption (Quadrillion Btu)
By Major Sources, 1973-2002
[GRAPHIC OMITTED]
By Major Sources, Monthly
[GRAPHIC OMITTED]
Total, Monthly
[GRAPHIC OMITTED]
Total, January-February
2001 4.126
2002 4.055
2003 4.173
Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be
compared.
Web Page: http:/www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/consump.html.
Source: Table 2.5.
Note: Table made from bar graph.
Table 2.5 Transportation Sector Energy Consumption
(Quadrillion Btu)
Primary Consumption
Fossil Fuels
Natural
Coal Gas (a) Petroleum
1973 Total 0.003 0.743 17.831
1974 Total .002 .685 17.399
1975 Total .001 .595 17.614
1976 Total (s) .559 18.506
1977 Total (s) .543 19.241
1978 Total (e) .539 20.041
1979 Total (e) .612 19.825
1980 Total (e) .650 19.008
1981 Total (e) .658 18.811
1982 Total (e) .612 18.420
1983 Total (e) .505 18.593
1984 Total (e) .545 19.216
1985 Total (e) .519 19.504
1986 Total (e) .499 20.269
1987 Total (e) .535 20.870
1988 Total (e) .632 21.629
1989 Total (e) .649 21.848
1990 Total (e) .680 21.792
1991 Total (e) .620 21.448
1992 Total (e) .608 21.798
1993 Total (e) .645 22.185
1994 Total (e) .709 22.739
1995 Total (e) .724 23.181
1996 Total (e) .737 23.719
1997 Total (e) .780 23.973
1998 Total (e) .666 24.630
1999 Total (e) .675 25.358
2000 Total (e) .674 25.973
2001 January (e) .078 2.066
February (e) .067 1.905
March (e) .065 2.161
April (e) .053 2.119
May (e) .044 2.230
June (e) .041 2.176
July (e) .044 2.308
August (e) .045 2.271
September (e) .041 2.100
October (e) .046 2.189
November (e) .048 2.083
December (e) .060 2.132
Total (e) .631 25.739
2002 January (e) .069 2.032
February (e) .062 1.884
March (e) .062 (R) 2.130
April (e) .050 2.138
May (e) .043 2.243
June (e) .040 2.233
July (e) .043 2.287
August (e) .043 2.298
September (e) .039 2.145
October (e) .044 2.191
November (e) .052 2.156
December (e) .065 2.284
Total (e) .612 (R) 26.019
2003 January (e) (R) .076 (R) 2.083
February (e) (E) .057 1.948
2-Month Total (e) (E) .133 4.031
2002 2-Month Total (e) .130 3.916
2001 2-Month Total (e) .145 3.971
Primary Consumption
Renewable
Energy
Alcohol Total
Total Fuels (b) Primary (b)
1973 Total 18.576 NA 18.576
1974 Total 18.086 NA 18.086
1975 Total 18.209 NA 18.209
1976 Total 19.065 NA 19.065
1977 Total 19.784 NA 19.784
1978 Total 20.580 NA 20.580
1979 Total 20.436 NA 20.436
1980 Total 19.658 NA 19.658
1981 Total 19.469 .007 19.469
1982 Total 19.032 .019 19.032
1983 Total 19.098 .035 19.098
1984 Total 19.761 .043 19.761
1985 Total 20.023 .052 20.023
1986 Total 20.768 .060 20.768
1987 Total 21.405 .069 21.405
1988 Total 22.261 .070 22.261
1989 Total 22.497 .071 22.497
1990 Total 22.472 .063 22.472
1991 Total 22.069 .073 22.069
1992 Total 22.406 .083 22.406
1993 Total 22.830 .097 22.830
1994 Total 23.448 .109 23.448
1995 Total 23.905 .117 23.905
1996 Total 24.456 .084 24.456
1997 Total 24.753 .106 24.753
1998 Total 25.297 .117 25.297
1999 Total 26.033 .122 26.033
2000 Total 26.647 .139 26.647
2001 January 2.144 .015 2.144
February 1.973 .012 1.973
March 2.227 .012 2.227
April 2.172 .011 2.172
May 2.273 .011 2.273
June 2.217 .012 2.217
July 2.352 .011 2.352
August 2.315 .010 2.315
September 2.141 .012 2.141
October 2.234 .016 2.234
November 2.130 .013 2.130
December 2.192 .013 2.192
Total 26.370 .147 26.370
2002 January 2.101 .013 2.101
February 1.945 .012 1.945
March (R) 2.192 .012 (R) 2.192
April 2.188 .012 2.188
May 2.286 .014 2.286
June 2.274 .012 2.274
July (R) 2.329 .015 (R) 2.329
August 2.340 .014 2.340
September 2.184 .015 2.184
October 2.235 .017 2.235
November 2.208 .020 2.208
December 2.349 .019 2.349
Total (R) 26.631 .174 (R) 26.631
2003 January (E) 2.160 .017 (R) 2.160
February (E) 2.004 .020 2.004
2-Month Total (E) 4.164 .037 4.164
2002 2-Month Total 4.046 .025 4.046
2001 2-Month Total 4.116 .027 4.116
Electrical
Electricity System
Retail Energy
Sales (c) Losses (d) Total (b)
1973 Total 0.011 0.025 18.612
1974 Total .010 .024 18.119
1975 Total .010 .024 18.244
1976 Total .010 .024 19.099
1977 Total .010 .025 19.820
1978 Total .010 .024 20.615
1979 Total .010 .024 20.471
1980 Total .011 .027 19.696
1981 Total .011 .026 19.506
1982 Total .011 .026 19.069
1983 Total .013 .030 19.141
1984 Total .014 .033 19.808
1985 Total .014 .033 20.070
1986 Total .015 .034 20.817
1987 Total .016 .035 21.455
1988 Total .016 .035 22.312
1989 Total .016 .038 22.551
1990 Total .016 .037 22.526
1991 Total .016 .037 22.122
1992 Total .016 .037 22.459
1993 Total .016 .037 22.883
1994 Total .017 .038 23.503
1995 Total .017 .039 23.960
1996 Total .017 .038 24.511
1997 Total .017 .038 24.808
1998 Total .017 .038 25.352
1999 Total .017 .040 26.090
2000 Total .018 .042 26.707
2001 January .002 .003 2.149
February .001 .003 1.977
March .001 .003 2.231
April .001 .003 2.176
May .002 .004 2.279
June .002 .004 2.222
July .002 .004 2.358
August .002 .004 2.322
September .002 .004 2.147
October .002 .004 2.240
November .001 .003 2.135
December .001 .003 2.197
Total .019 .043 26.432
2002 January .001 .003 2.106
February .001 .003 1.949
March .001 .003 2.197
April .001 .003 2.193
May .001 .003 2.290
June .002 .004 2.279
July .002 .004 2.335
August .002 .004 2.346
September .002 .004 2.189
October .002 .003 2.240
November .001 .003 2 212
December .001 .003 2.353
Total .018 .039 (R) 26.688
2003 January .001 .003 (R) 2.165
February .001 .003 2.009
2-Month Total .003 .006 4.173
2002 2-Month Total .003 .006 4.055
2001 2-Month Total .003 .006 4.126
(a) Natural gas consumed in the operation of pipelines (primarily in
compressors) and small amounts consumed as vehicle fuel. See Table
4.4.
(b) Alcohol (ethanol blended into motor gasoline) is included in both
“Petroleum” and “Alcohol Fuels,” but is counted only once in both total
primary consumption and total consumption.
(c) Electricity retail sales to ultimate customers reported by electric
utilities and other energy service providers.
(d) See Note 12 at end of Section.
(e) Since 1978, the small amounts of coal consumed for transportation
are reported as industrial sector consumption.
(R)=Revised.
(E)=Estimate.
NA=Not available.
(s)=Less than 0.5 trillion Btu.
Notes: * Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent
rounding. * Geographic coverage is the 50 States and the District of
Columbia.
Web Page: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/consump.html.
Additional Notes and Sources: See end of section.
Figure 2.6 Electric Power Sector Energy Consumption (Quadrillion Btu)
Total, 1973-2002
[GRAPHIC OMITTED]
By Major Sources, 1973-2002
[GRAPHIC OMITTED]
Total, Monthly
[GRAPHIC OMITTED]
By Major Sources, Monthly
[GRAPHIC OMITTED]
Total, January-February
2001 6.130
2002 5.956
2003 6.301
By Major Sources, February 2003
Coal 1.594
Nuclear Electri Power 0.643
Natural Gas 0.330
Hydro-electric Power (a) 0.228
Petroleum 0.084
(a) Conventional and pumped storage hydroelectric power.
Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be compared.
Web Page: http:/www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/consump.html.
Source: Table 2.6
Note: Table made from bar graph.
Table 2.6 Electric Power Sector Energy Consumption
(Quadrillion Btu)
Primary Consumption
Fossil Fuels
Natural
Coal Gas (a) Petroleum
1973 Total 8.658 3.748 3.515
1974 Total 8.534 3.519 3.365
1975 Total 8.786 3.240 3.166
1976 Total 9.720 3.152 3.477
1977 Total 10.262 3.284 3.901
1978 Total 10.238 3.297 3.987
1979 Total 11.260 3.613 3.283
1980 Total 12.123 3.810 2.634
1981 Total 12.563 3.768 2.202
1982 Total 12.582 3.342 1.568
1983 Total 13.213 2.998 1.544
1984 Total 14.019 3.220 1.286
1985 Total 14.542 3.160 1.090
1986 Total 14.444 2.691 1.452
1987 Total 15.173 2.935 1.257
1988 Total 15.850 2.709 1.563
1989 Total (i) (R) 16.137 3.192 (R) 1.703
1990 Total (R) 16.261 3.332 (R) 1.289
1991 Total 16.250 3.399 (R) 1.198
1992 Total 16.466 3.534 (R) .991
1993 Total 17.196 3.560 (R) 1.124
1994 Total 17.261 4.000 (R) 1.059
1995 Total 17.466 4.325 (R) .755
1996 Total 18.429 3.883 (R) .817
1997 Total 18.905 4.146 (R) .927
1998 Total 19.216 4.698 (R) 1.306
1999 Total 19.279 4.926 (R) 1.211
2000 Total 20.220 5.316 (R) 1.144
2001 January (R) 1.793 (R) .348 (R) .191
February (R) 1.529 (R) .320 (R) .106
March (R) 1.580 (R) .371 (R) .120
April (R) 1.427 (R) .393 (R) .113
May (R) 1.556 (R) .444 (R) .106
June (R) 1.668 (R) .504 (R) .123
July (R) 1.850 (R) .649 (R) .112
August (R) 1.890 (R) .703 (R) .147
September (R) 1.603 (R) .522 (R) .074
October (R) 1.534 (R) .477 (R) .064
November (R) 1.489 (R) .359 (R) .059
December (R) 1.639 (R) .375 (R) .064
Total (R) 19.559 (R) 5.466 (R) 1.277
2002 January (R) 1.691 (R) .385 (R) .065
February (R) 1.476 (R) .348 (R) .052
March (R) 1.576 (R) .408 (R) .078
April (R) 1.464 (R) .407 (R) .072
May (R) 1.565 (R) .418 (R) .079
June (R) 1.707 (R) .552 (R) .076
July (R) 1.892 (R) .740 (R) .096
August (R) 1.863 (R) .704 (R) .095
September (R) 1.718 (R) .566 (R) .076
October (R) 1,646 (R) .445 (R) .077
November (R) 1.620 (R) .344 (R) .066
December (R) 1.765 (R) .347 (R) .075
Total (R) 19.985 (R) 5.664 (R) .908
2003 January (R) 1.866 (R) .374 (R) .126
February (F) 1.594 (F) .330 (F) .084
2-Month Total (E) 3.460 (E) .704 (E) .211
2002 2-Month Total 3.167 .733 .117
2001 2-Month Total 3.322 .668 .296
Primary Consumption
Fossil Fuels
Hydro-
Nuclear electric
Electric Pumped
Total Power Storage (b)
1973 Total 15.921 0.910 (h)
1974 Total 15.418 1.272 (h)
1975 Total 15.191 1.900 (h)
1976 Total 16.349 2.111 (h)
1977 Total 17.446 2.702 (h)
1978 Total 17.522 3.024 (h)
1979 Total 18.156 2.776 (h)
1980 Total 18.567 2.739 (h)
1981 Total 18.553 3.008 (h)
1982 Total 17.491 3.131 (h)
1983 Total 17.754 3.203 (h)
1984 Total 18.526 3.553 (h)
1985 Total 18.792 (R) 4.076 (h)
1986 Total 18.586 (R) 4.380 (h)
1987 Total 19.365 (R) 4.754 (h)
1988 Total 20.123 (R) 5.587 (h)
1989 Total (i) (R) 21.032 (R) 5.602 (h)
1990 Total (R) 20.883 (R) 6.104 -.036
1991 Total 20.847 (R) 6.422 -.047
1992 Total 20.990 (R) 6.479 -.043
1993 Total 21.880 (R) 6.410 -.042
1994 Total 22.320 (R) 6.694 -.035
1995 Total 22.546 (R) 7.075 -.028
1996 Total 23.129 (R) 7.087 -.032
1997 Total 23.977 (R) 6.597 (R) -.041
1998 Total 25.220 (R) 7.068 -.046
1999 Total 25.416 (R) 7.610 (R) -.062
2000 Total 26.680 (R) 7.862 -.057
2001 January (R) 2.331 (R) .717 -.006
February (R) 1.955 (R) .640 (R) -.007
March (R) 2.071 (R) .649 (R) -.008
April (R) 1.934 (R) .585 (R) -.008
May (R) 2.106 (R) .642 (R) -.006
June (R) 2.295 (R) .710 (R) -.008
July (R) 2.611 (R) .722 (R) -.009
August (R) 2.740 (R) .714 (R) -.007
September (R) 2.198 (R) .662 (R) -.009
October (R) 2.075 (R) .631 (R) -.006
November (R) 1.907 (R) .651 -.008
December (R) 2.078 (R) .704 (R) -.006
Total (R) 26.301 (R) 8.028 -.089
2002 January (R) 2.141 (R) .741 (R) -.008
February (R) 1.876 (R) .644 -.006
March (R) 2.062 (R) .658 -.007
April (R) 1.943 (R) .610 -.006
May (R) 2.062 (R) .658 (R) -.006
June (R) 2.335 (R) .693 -.009
July (R) 2.728 (R) .735 -.010
August (R) 2.662 (R) .739 -.009
September (R) 2.361 (R) .673 -.008
October (R) 2.168 (R) .632 -.007
November (R) 2.030 (R) .642 (R) -.007
December (R) 2.187 (R) .720 (R) -.007
Total (R) 26.557 (R) 8.145 -.089
2003 January (R) 2.367 (R) .723 (R) -.008
February (F) 2.008 (F) .643 (F) -.007
2-Month Total (E) 4.375 (E) 1.365 (E) -.015
2002 2-Month Total 4.017 1.384 -.014
2001 2-Month Total 4.286 1.357 -.013
Primary Consumption
Renewable Energy
Conventional Wood (c)
Hydroelectric and Geo-
Power Waste (d) thermal (e)
1973 Total (R) 2.827 0.003 0.043
1974 Total (R) 3.143 .003 .053
1975 Total (R) 3.122 .002 .070
1976 Total (R) 2.943 .003 .078
1977 Total (R) 2.301 .005 .077
1978 Total (R) 2.905 .033 .064
1979 Total (R) 2.897 .005 .084
1980 Total (R) 2.867 .005 .110
1981 Total (R) 2.725 .004 .123
1982 Total (R) 3.233 .003 .105
1983 Total (R) 3.494 .004 .129
1984 Total (R) 3.353 .009 .165
1985 Total (R) 2.937 .014 .198
1986 Total (R) 3,938 .012 .219
1987 Total (R) 2.602 .015 .229
1988 Total (R) 2.302 .017 .217
1989 Total (i) (R) 2.808 (R) .232 .308
1990 Total (R) 3.014 (R) .317 .326
1991 Total (R) 2.985 (R) .354 .335
1992 Total (R) 2.586 (R) .402 .338
1993 Total (R) 2.861 (R) .415 .351
1994 Total (R) 2.620 (R) .434 .325
1995 Total (R) 3.149 (R) .422 .280
1996 Total (R) 3.528 (R) .438 .300
1997 Total (R) 3.581 (R) .446 .309
1998 Total (R) 3.241 (R) .444 .311
1999 Total (R) 3.218 (R) .453 .312
2000 Total (R) 2.768 (R) .453 .296
2001 January .188 (R) .038 .026
February .174 (R) .034 .023
March .204 (R) .038 .025
April .179 (R) .036 .023
May .191 (R) .037 .023
June .207 (R) .040 .023
July .181 (R) .040 .025
August .188 (R) .040 .025
September .152 (R) .037 .024
October .152 (R) .037 .024
November .154 (R) .036 .024
December .193 (R) .038 .025
Total 2.165 (R) .452 .289
2002 January .216 (R) .040 .025
February .200 (R) .034 .022
March .209 (R) .039 .024
April (R) .243 (R) .037 .022
May .269 (R) .037 .024
June .283 (R) .039 .022
July .254 (R) .042 .024
August .207 (R) .041 .024
September .166 (R) .039 .023
October .168 (R) .038 .024
November .194 (R) .037 .023
December .212 (R) .042 .024
Total 2.623 (R) .466 .281
2003 January (R) .195 (R) .042 (R) .024
February (F) .235 (F) .035 (F) .022
2-Month Total (E) .430 (E) .077 (E) .046
2002 2-Month Total .416 .074 .047
2001 2-Month Total .363 .072 .048
Primary Consumption
Renewable Energy
Solar (f)
and
Wind (g) Total
1973 Total NA (R) 2.873
1974 Total NA (R) 3.199
1975 Total NA (R) 3.194
1976 Total NA (R) 3.024
1977 Total NA (R) 2.383
1978 Total NA (R) 2.973
1979 Total NA (R) 2.986
1980 Total NA (R) 2.982
1981 Total NA (R) 2.852
1982 Total NA (R) 3.341
1983 Total (a) (R) 3.627
1984 Total (s) (R) 3.527
1985 Total (s) (R) 3.150
1986 Total (s) (R) 3.270
1987 Total (s) (R) 2.846
1988 Total (s) (R) 2.536
1989 Total (i) (R) .025 (R) 3.372
1990 Total (R) .033 (R) 3.689
1991 Total (R) .036 (R) 3.710
1992 Total (R) .034 (R) 3.360
1993 Total (R) .036 (R) 3.662
1994 Total (R) .041 (R) 3.420
1995 Total (R) .038 (R) 3.889
1996 Total (R) .039 (R) 4.305
1997 Total (R) .039 (R) 4.375
1998 Total (R) .036 (R) 4.032
1999 Total (R) .051 (R) 4.034
2000 Total (R) .062 (R) 3.579
2001 January (R) .004 .257
February (R) .004 .235
March .006 .272
April .007 .246
May .007 .258
June .008 .277
July .007 .253
August .007 .260
September .006 .219
October (R) .006 .220
November (R) .005 .219
December (R) .006 .263
Total (R) .074 2.979
2002 January (R) .008 (R) .289
February (R) .007 .263
March (R) .009 .282
April .011 .314
May (R) .012 .342
June (R) .013 .357
July (R) .010 .330
August (R) .011 (R) .283
September (R) .008 (R) 237
October .008 .238
November (R) .007 .261
December (R) .008 (R) .285
Total (R) .112 (R) 3.481
2003 January (R) .006 (R) .267
February (F) .007 (F) .300
2-Month Total (E) .013 (E) .566
2002 2-Month Total .016 .553
2001 2-Month Total .009 .492
Electricity
Net Total
Imports Primary
1973 Total 0.049 19.753
1974 Total .043 19.933
1975 Total .021 20.307
1976 Total .029 21.513
1977 Total .059 22.591
1978 Total .067 23.587
1979 Total .069 23.987
1980 Total .071 24.359
1981 Total .113 24.525
1982 Total .100 24.063
1983 Total .121 24.705
1984 Total .135 25.741
1985 Total .140 26.158
1986 Total .122 26.359
1987 Total .158 27.124
1988 Total .108 28.354
1989 Total (i) .037 (R) 30.044
1990 Total .008 (R) 30.647
1991 Total .067 30.999
1992 Total .087 30.873
1993 Total .095 32.006
1994 Total .153 32.551
1995 Total .134 33.616
1996 Total .137 34.626
1997 Total .116 35.024
1998 Total .088 (R) 36.363
1999 Total .099 37.097
2000 Total .116 38.181
2001 January .006 (R) 3.306
February (R) .002 (R) 2.824
March (R) .006 (R) 2.990
April .008 (R) 2.764
May (R) .010 (R) 3.010
June .008 (R) 3.283
July (R) .008 (R) 3.586
August (R) .009 (R) 3.715
September .002 (R) 3.072
October .003 (R) 2.923
November (R) .004 (R) 2.773
December (R) .009 (R) 3.048
Total (R) .075 (R) 37.294
2002 January (R) .009 (R) 3.172
February (R) .007 (R) 2.784
March (R) .006 (R) 3.002
April .006 (R) 2.867
May (R) .003 (R) 3.060
June (R) .007 (R) 3.364
July (R) .013 (R) 3.796
August (R) .011 (R) 3.686
September .006 (R) 3.269
October (R) .005 (R) 3.036
November (R) .004 (R) 2.930
December .002 (R) 3.187
Total (R) .078 (R) 38.173
2003 January .005 (R) 3.353
February (F) .004 (F) 2.948
2-Month Total (E) .009 (E) 6.301
2002 2-Month Total .016 5.956
2001 2-Month Total .008 6.130
(a) Includes supplemental gaseous fuels.
(b) Pumped storage facility production minus energy
used for pumping.
(c) Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste.
(d) Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge
waste, tires, agricultural byproducts, and other
biomass.
(e) Geothermal electricity net generation.
(f) Solar thermal and photovoltaic electricity
net generation.
(g) Wind electricity net generation.
(h) Included in conventional hydroelectric power.
(i) Through 1988, data are for consumption at electric
utilities only. Beginning in 1989, data also include
consumption at independent power producers.
(R)=Revised.
(E)=Estimate.
NA=Not available.
(F)=Forecast.
(s)=Less than 0.5 trillion Btu.
Notes: * Data are for fuels consumed to produce electricity
and useful thermal output. * The electric power sector
comprises electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power
(CHP) plants within the NAICS 22 category whose primary
business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat,
to the public. * Totals may not equal sum of components due
to independent rounding. * Geographic coverage is the 50 States
and the District of Columbia.
Web Page: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/consump.html.
Additional Notes and Sources: See end of section.
Energy Consumption by Sector
Most of the data in this section of the Monthly Energy Review (MER) is developed from a group of energy-related surveys, typically called “supply surveys,” conducted by the Energy Information Administration (EIA). Supply surveys are directed to suppliers and marketers of specific energy sources. They measure the quantities of specific energy sources produced, or the quantities supplied to the market, or both. The data obtained from EIA’s supply surveys are integrated to yield the summary consumption statistics published in this section (and in Section 1) of the MER.
Users of EIA’s energy consumption statistics should be aware of a second group of energy-related surveys, typically called “consumption surveys.” Consumption surveys gather information on the types of energy consumed by end users of energy, along with the characteristics of those end users that can be associated with energy use. For example, the Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey belongs to the consumption survey group because it collects information directly from end users (the manufacturing establishments). There are important differences between the supply and consumption surveys that need to be taken into account in any analysis that uses both data sources. For information on those differences, see Energy Consumption by End-Use Sector, A Comparison of Measures by Consumption and Supply Surveys, DOE/EIA-0533, Energy Information Administration, Washington, DC, April 6, 1990.
Note 1. Energy Consumption:
Primary Consumption: Consumption in the five energy-use sectors (residential, commercial, industrial, transportation, and electric power) consists of fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, and petroleum), some secondary energy derived from fossil fuels (supplemental gaseous fuels and coal coke net imports), nuclear electric power, pumped-storage hydroelectric power, renewable energy, and net imports of electricity. Renewable energy consumption is the end-use consumption of wood, waste, alcohol fuels, geothermal heat pump and direct use energy, solar thermal direct use and photovoltaic energy and net electricity generation from conventional hydroelectric power, wood, waste, geothermal, solar, and wind.
Total Consumption: In addition to primary consumption in the four end-use sectors (residential, commercial, industrial, and transportation), total consumption also includes retail sales of electricity and electrical system energy losses (see Note 12).
Note 2. Energy-Use Sectors: The five major economic sectors–residential, commercial, industrial, transportation, and electric power–are called energy-use sectors in this report. The first four sectors comprise the end-use sectors, that is, the point of final consumption of the energy. Energy consumption is assigned to the five energy-use sectors, as closely as possible, by the following definitions:
Residential Sector–An energy-consuming sector that consists of living quarters for private households. Common uses of energy associated with this sector include space heating, water heating, air conditioning, lighting, refrigeration, cooking, and running a variety of other appliances. The residential sector excludes institutional living quarters. For further explanation see:
http://www.eia.doe.gov/neic/datadefinitions/Guideforwebres.htm.
Commercial Sector–An energy-consuming sector that consists of service-providing facilities and equipment of: businesses; Federal, State, and local governments; and other private and public organizations, such as religious, social, or fraternal groups. The commercial sector includes institutional living quarters. Common uses of energy associated with this sector include space heating, water heating, air conditioning, lighting, refrigeration, cooking, and running a wide variety of other equipment. Note: This sector includes generators that produce electricity and/or useful thermal output primarily to support the activities of the abovementioned commercial establishments.
Industrial Sector–An energy-consuming sector that consists of all facilities and equipment used for producing, processing, or assembling goods. The industrial sector encompasses the following types of activity: manufacturing (NAICS (North American Industry Classification System) codes 31-33); agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting (NAICS code 11); mining, including oil and gas extraction (NAICS code 21); natural gas distribution (NAICS code 2212); and construction (NAICS code 23). Overall energy use in this sector is largely for process heat and cooling and powering machinery, with lesser amounts used for facility heating, air conditioning, and lighting. Fossil fuels are also used as raw material inputs to manufactured products. Note: This sector includes generators that produce electricity and/or useful thermal output primarily to support the above-mentioned industrial activities.
Transportation Sector–An energy-consuming sector that consists of all vehicles whose primary purpose is transporting people and/or goods from one physical location to another. Included are automobiles; trucks; buses; motorcycles; trains, subways, and other rail vehicles; aircraft; and ships, barges, and other waterborne vehicles. Vehicles whose primary purpose is not transportation (e.g., construction cranes and bulldozers, farming vehicles, and warehouse tractors and forklifts) are classified in the sector of their primary use. Note: Various EIA programs differ in sectoral coverage. For further information see:
http://www.eia.doe.gov/neic/datadefinitons/Guideforwebtrans.htm.
Electric Power Sector–An energy-consuming sector that consists of electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public–i.e., North American Industry Classification System 22 plants.
Although the energy-use allocations are made according to these aggregations as closely as possible, some data are collected by using different classifications. For example, electric power facilities may classify commercial and industrial users by the quantity of electricity purchased rather than by the business activity of the purchaser. Natural gas used in agriculture, forestry, and fisheries was collected and reported in the commercial sector through 1995. Beginning with 1996 data, deliveries of natural gas for agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting are reported in the industrial sector instead. Another example is master-metered condominiums and apartments, and buildings with a combination of residential and commercial units. In many cases, the metering and billing practices cause residential energy usage of electricity, natural gas, or fuel oil to be included in the commercial sector. No adjustments for these discrepancies were made.
Note 3. Conversion Factors: See Appendix A.
Note 4. Coal: See Tables 6.2 and A5.
Note 5. Coal Coke Net Imports: Net imports means imports minus exports, and a minus sign indicates that exports are greater than imports. Coal coke net imports are included in the industrial sector.
Sources:
1973-1975: DOI, BOM, Minerals Yearbook, “Coke and Coal Chemicals” chapter.
1976-1980: EIA, Energy Data Report, “Coke and Coal Chemicals” annual.
1981: EIA, Energy Data Report, “Coke Plant Report,” quarterly.
1982 forward: EIA, Quarterly Coal Report.
Note 6. Natural Gas: See Tables 4.4 and A4. For Section 2 calculations, lease and plant fuel consumption are included in the industrial sector, and pipeline fuel use of natural gas is included in the transportation sector. For 1973-1979, annual values for residential and commercial natural gas consumption are allocated to the months in proportion to the monthly sales data from the American Gas Association, “Monthly Gas Utility Statistical Report.”
Note 7. Petroleum: Petroleum consumption in this section of the Monthly Energy Review (MER) is the series called “petroleum product supplied” from Section 3.
The sources for petroleum product supplied by product are:
1973-1975: DOI, BOM, Mineral Industry Surveys, “Petroleum Statement, Annual.”
1976-1980: EIA, Energy Data Reports, “Petroleum Statement, Annual.”
1981-2001: EIA, Petroleum Supply Annual.
2002 forward: EIA, Petroleum Supply Monthly.
Energy-use allocation procedures by individual product are as follows:
Aviation Gasoline–All consumption of aviation gasoline is assigned to the transportation sector.
Asphalt–All consumption of asphalt is assigned to the industrial sector.
Distillate Fuel–Distillate fuel consumption is assigned to the sectors as follows:
Distillate Fuel Consumed by the Electric Power Sector, All Time Periods–For 1973-1979, consumption of distillate fuel is assumed to be the amount of petroleum (minus small amounts of kerosene and kerosene-type jet fuel deliveries) consumed in gas turbine and internal combustion plants. For 1980 forward, consumption of distillate fuel is assumed to be the amount of light oil (minus small amounts of kerosene deliveries through 1982) consumed by the electric power sector. See Table 7.3e.
Distillate Fuel Consumed by End-Use Sectors, Annually Through 2000–The aggregate end-use amount is total distillate fuel supplied minus the amount consumed for electric power. The end-use total consumed annually is allocated into the individual end-use sectors (residential, commercial, industrial, and transportation) in proportion to each sector’s share of “adjusted sales” as reported in EIA’s Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales (Sales) report series (DOE/EIA-0535), which is based primarily on data collected by Form EIA-821, previously Form EIA-172. “Adjusted sales” are sales that have been adjusted to equal EIA distillate fuel product supplied.
Following are notes on the individual sector groupings:
Since 1979, the residential sector adjusted sales total is directly from the Sales reports. Prior to 1979, each year’s sales subtotal of the heating plus industrial category is split into residential, commercial, and industrial (including farm) in proportion to the 1979 shares.
Since 1979, the commercial sector adjusted sales total is directly from the Sales reports. Prior to 1979, each year’s sales subtotal of the heating plus industrial category is split into residential, commercial, and industrial (including farm) in proportion to the 1979 shares.
Since 1979, the industrial sector adjusted sales total is the sum of the adjusted sales for industrial, farm, oil company, off-highway diesel, and all other uses. Prior to 1979, each year’s sales subtotal of the heating plus industrial category is split into residential, commercial, and industrial (including farm) in proportion to the 1979 shares, and this estimated industrial portion is added to oil company, off-highway diesel, and all other uses.
The transportation sector adjusted sales total is the sum of the adjusted sales for railroad, vessel bunkering, on-highway diesel, and military uses for all years.
Distillate Fuel Consumed by End-Use Sectors, Monthly Through 2000–Residential and commercial monthly consumption is estimated by allocating the annual estimates, which are described above, into the months in proportion to each month’s share of the year’s sales of No. 2 heating oil. The years’ sales totals are from the following sources: for 1973-1980, the Ethyl Corporation, Monthly Report of Heating Oil Sales; for 1981 and 1982, the American Petroleum Institute, Monthly Report of Heating Oil Sales; and for 1983 forward, EIA, Form EIA-782A, “Refiners’/Gas Plant Operators’ Monthly Petroleum Product Sales Report,” No. 2 Fuel Oil Sales to End Users and for Resale.
The transportation highway use portion is allocated into the months in proportion to each month’s share of the year’s total sales for highway use as reported by the Federal Highway Administration’s Table MF-25, “Private and Commercial Highway Use of Special Fuels by Months.” After 1993, the sales-for-highway-use data are no longer available as a monthly series; the 1993 data are used for allocating succeeding year’s totals into months. The remaining transportation use of distillate fuel (i.e., for railroads, vessel bunkering, and military use) is evenly distributed over the months, adjusted for the number of days per month.
Industrial monthly estimates are calculated as the difference between the sum of the estimates for residential, commercial, transportation, and electric power sectors and total distillate fuel consumption.
Distillate Fuel Consumed by End-Use Sectors, 2001 Forward–Each month’s end-use consumption total is disaggregated into the individual sectors in proportion to the share that each sector held of the total in the same month in 2000. Annual values are the sum of the monthly values.
Jet Fuel–Through 1982, small amounts of kerosene-type jet fuel were consumed by the electric power sector. Kerosene-type jet fuel deliveries to the electric power sector as reported on the Form FERC-423 (formerly Form FPC423) were used as estimates of this consumption. All remaining jet fuel (kerosene-type and naphtha-type) is consumed by the transportation sector.
Kerosene–Kerosene product supplied is allocated into the individual end-use sectors (residential, commercial, and industrial) in proportion to each sector’s share of “sales” as reported in EIA’s Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales (Sales) report series (DOE/EIA-0535), which is based primarily on data collected by Form EIA-821, previously Form EIA-172.
Since 1979, the residential sector sales total is directly from the Sales reports. Prior to 1979, each year’s sales category called “heating” is split into residential, commercial, and industrial in proportion to the 1979 shares.
Since 1979, the commercial sector sales total is directly from the Sales reports. Prior to 1979, each year’s sales category called “heating” is split into residential, commercial, and industrial in proportion to the 1979 shares.
Since 1979, the industrial sector sales total is the sum of the adjusted sales for industrial, farm, and all other uses. Prior to 1979, each year’s sales category called “heating” is split into residential, commercial and industrial in proportion to the 1979 shares, and this estimated industrial (including farm) portion is added to all other uses.
Liquefied Petroleum Gases (LPG)–The annual shares of LPG’s total consumption that are estimated to be used by each sector are applied to each month’s total LPG consumption to create monthly sector consumption estimates. The annual sector shares are calculated as described below.
Sales of LPG to the residential and commercial sector are converted from thousand gallons per year to thousand barrels per year and are assumed to be the annual consumption of LPG by the sector.
The quantity of LPG sold each year for consumption in internal combustion engines is allocated between the transportation and industrial sectors on the basis of data for special fuels used on highways published by the U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, in Highway Statistics. The allocations of LPG sold for internal combustion engine use to the transportation sector range from a low of 28 percent (in 1997) to a high of 73 percent (in 1994).
LPG consumed annually by the industrial sector is estimated as the difference between LPG total supplied and the estimated consumption of LPG by the sum of the residential and commercial sector and the transportation sector. The industrial sector includes LPG used by chemical plants as raw materials or solvents and used in the production of synthetic rubber; refinery fuel use; use as synthetic natural gas feedstock and use in secondary recovery projects; all farm use; LPG sold to gas utility companies for distribution through the mains; and a portion of the use of LPG as an internal combustion engine fuel.
Sources of the annual sales data for creating annual energy shares are:
1973-1982: EIA’s “Sales of Liquefied Petroleum Gases and Ethane” reports, based primarily on data collected by Form EIA-174.
1983: End-use consumption estimates for 1983 are based on 1982 end-use consumption because the collection of data under Form EIA-174 was discontinued after data year 1982. 1984-forward: American Petroleum Institute (API), “Sales of Natural Gas Liquids and Liquefied Refinery Gases,” which is based on an LPG sales survey jointly sponsored by API, the Gas Processors Association, and the National Liquefied Petroleum Gas Association. EIA adjusts the data to remove quantities of pentanes plus and to estimate withheld values.
Lubricants–The consumption of lubricants is allocated to the industrial and transportation sectors for all months according to proportions developed from annual sales of lubricants to the two sectors from U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Current Industrial Reports, “Sales of Lubricating and Industrial Oils and Greases.” The 1973 shares are applied to 1973 and 1974; the 1975 shares are applied to 1975 and 1976; and the 1977 shares are applied to 1977 forward.
Motor Gasoline–The total monthly consumption of motor gasoline is allocated to the sectors in proportion to aggregations of annual sales categories created on the basis of the U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics, Tables MF-21, MF-24, and MF-25, as follows:
Commercial sales are the sum of sales for public non-highway use and miscellaneous and unclassified uses.
Industrial sales are the sum of sales for agriculture, construction, and industrial and commercial use as classified in the Highway Statistics.
Transportation sales are the sum of sales for highway use (minus the sales of special fuels, which are primarily diesel fuel and are accounted for in the transportation sector of distillate fuel) and sales for marine use.
Petroleum Coke–A portion of petroleum coke is consumed by electric utilities, as reported on Form EIA-759, “Monthly Power Plant Report” (formerly Form FPC-4). The remaining petroleum coke is assigned to the industrial sector.
Residual Fuel–Residual fuel consumption is assigned to the sectors as follows:
Residual Fuel Consumed by the Electric Power Sector, All Time Periods–For 1973-1979, consumption of residual fuel is assumed to be the amount of petroleum consumed in steam-electric power plants. For 1980 forward, consumption of residual fuel is assumed to be the amount of heavy oil consumed by the electric power sector. Source: Table 7.3e
Residual Fuel Consumed by End-Use Sectors, Annually Through 2000–The aggregate end-use amount is total residual fuel supplied minus the amount consumed for electric power. The end-use total consumed annually is allocated into the individual end-use sectors (commercial, industrial, and transportation) in proportion to each sector’s share of “adjusted sales” as reported in EIA’s Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales (Sales) report series (DOE/EIA-535), which is based primarily on data collected by Form EIA-821, previously Form EIA-172). “Adjusted sales” are sales that have been adjusted to equal EIA residual fuel product supplied.
Following are notes on the individual sector groupings:
Since 1979, commercial sales data are directly from the Sales reports. Prior to 1979, each year’s sales subtotal of the heating plus industrial category is split into commercial and industrial in proportion to the 1979 shares.
Since 1979, industrial sales data are the sum of sales for industrial, oil company, and all other uses. Prior to 1979, each year’s sales subtotal of the heating plus industrial category is split into commercial and industrial in proportion to the 1979 shares, and this estimated industrial portion is added to oil company and all other uses.
Transportation sales are the sum of sales for railroad, vessel bunkering, and military uses for all years.
Residual Fuel Consumed by End-Use Sectors, Monthly Through 2000–Commercial monthly consumption is estimated by allocating the annual estimates, which are described above, into the months in proportion to each month’s share of the year’s sales of No. 2 heating oil. The years’ sales totals are from the following sources: for 1973-1980, the Ethyl Corporation, Monthly Report of Heating Oil Sales; for 1981 and 1982, the American Petroleum Institute, Monthly Report of Heating Oil Sales; and for 1983-1996, EIA, Form EIA-782A, “Refiners’/Gas Plant Operators’ Monthly Petroleum Product Sales Report,” No. 2 Fuel Oil Sales to End Users and for Resale.
Transportation monthly estimates are made by evenly distributing the annual sector estimate over the months, adjusting for the number of days per month.
Industrial monthly estimates are calculated as the difference between the sum of the estimates for commercial, transportation, and electric power sectors and total residual fuel consumption.
Residual Fuel Consumption by End-Use Sectors, 2001 Forward–Each month’s end-use consumption total is disaggregated into the individual sectors in proportion to the share that each sector held of the total in the same month in 2000. Annual values are the sum of the monthly values.
Road Oil–All consumption of road oil is assigned to the industrial sector.
All Other Petroleum Products–Consumption of all remaining petroleum products is assigned to the industrial sector.
Note 8. Nuclear Electric Power: See Tables 8.1 and A6. Nuclear electric power is included in the electric power sector.
Note 9. Hydroelectric Pumped Storage: See Tables 7.2a and A6. Pumped-storage hydroelectric power is included in the electric power sector.
Note 10. Renewable Energy: See Tables 10.2a-10.2c. End-use consumption of wood, waste, alcohol fuels, geothermal heat pump and direct use energy, and solar thermal direct use and photovoltaic energy is included in the end-use sectors. Included in the electric power sector are: net electricity generation from conventional hydroelectric power, wood, waste, geothermal, solar, and wind.
Note 11. Electricity: End-use consumption of electricity is based on retail sales of electricity in Table 7.5. “Other,” which is primarily for use in government buildings, is added to the commercial sector, except for approximately 5 percent used by railroads and railways and attributed to the transportation sector. Kilowatthours are converted to Btu at the rate of 3,412 Btu per kilowatthour.
Note 12. Electrical System Energy Losses: Electrical system energy losses are calculated as the difference between total primary consumption by the electric power sector-see Table 2.6-and the total energy content of the retail sales of electricity-see Tables 7.5 and A6. Most of these losses occur at steam-electric power plants (conventional and nuclear) in the conversion of heat energy into mechanical energy to turn electric generators. The loss is a thermodynamically necessary feature of the steam-electric cycle. Part of the energy input-to-output losses is a result of imputing fossil energy equivalent inputs for hydroelectric and other energy sources, since there is no generally accepted practice for measuring those thermal conversion rates. In addition to conversion losses, other losses include power plant use of electricity, transmission and distribution of electricity from power plants to end-use consumers (also called “line losses”), and unaccounted for electricity. Total losses are allocated to the end-use sectors in proportion to each sector’s share of total electricity sales. Overall, approximately 67 percent of total energy input is lost in conversion; of electricity generated, approximately 5 percent is lost in plant use and 9 percent is lost in transmission and distribution. Calculated electrical system energy losses may be less than actual losses, because primary consumption does not include the energy equivalent of utility purchases of electricity from non-electric utilities and from Canada and Mexico, although they are included in electricity sales
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