Section 2. Energy consumption by sector
U.S. total energy consumption in October 2004 was 8.0 quadrillion Btu, 2 percent higher than in October 2003.
Residential sector total consumption was 1.4 quadrillion Btu in October 2004, 3 percent higher than the October 2003 level. The sector accounted for 18 percent of total energy consumption.
Commercial sector total consumption was 1.4 quadrillion Btu in October 2004, 1 percent higher than the October 2003 level. The sector accounted for 17 percent of total energy consumption.
Industrial sector total consumption was 2.9 quadrillion Btu in October 2004, 2 percent higher than the October 2003 level. The sector accounted for 36 percent of total energy consumption.
Transportation sector total consumption was 2,3 quadrillion Btu in October 2004, 2 percent higher than the October 2003 level. The sector accounted for 29 percent of total energy consumption.
Electric power sector primary consumption was 3.1 quadrillion Btu in October 2004, 2 percent higher than the October 2003 level. Fossil fuels accounted for 70 percent of all primary energy consumed by the electric power sector; nuclear electric power 21 percent; and renewable energy 9 percent.
Table 2.1 Energy Consumption by Sector
(Quadrillion Btu)
End-Use Sectors
Residential Commercial (a)
Primary Total Primary Total
1973 Total 8.250 14.930 4.381 9.507
1974 Total 7.928 14.683 4.221 9.363
1975 Total 8.006 14.842 4.023 9.466
1976 Total 8.408 15.441 4.333 10.035
1977 Total 8.207 15.689 4.217 10.177
1978 Total 8.272 16.156 4.269 10.481
1979 Total 7.934 15.842 4.333 10.627
1980 Total 7.504 15.848 4.097 10.594
1981 Total 7.103 15.353 3.831 10.638
1982 Total 7.163 15.577 3.859 10.880
1983 Total 6.834 15.459 3.827 10.952
1984 Total 6.992 15.777 3.989 11.463
1985 Total 6.992 15.928 3.708 11.465
1986 Total 6.812 15.927 3.647 11.600
1987 Total 6.846 16.233 3.738 11.951
1988 Total 7.249 17.069 3.948 12.571
1989 Total 7.495 17.774 3.952 13.156
1990 Total 6.460 16.900 3.810 13.281
1991 Total 6.692 17.414 3.860 13.458
1992 Total 6.883 17.339 3.898 13.394
1993 Total 7.122 18.249 3.892 13.788
1994 Total 6.949 18.135 3.930 14.059
1995 Total 7.022 18.653 4.032 14.665
1996 Total 7.556 19.643 4.218 15.161
1997 Total 7.088 19.067 4.248 15.679
1998 Total 6.462 19.052 3.956 15.964
1999 Total 6.810 19.634 3.984 16.347
2000 Total 7.147 20.453 4.192 17.129
2001 Total 6.909 20.247 4.044 17.323
2002 January 1.048 2.323 .550 1.604
February .910 1.935 .495 1.445
March .855 1.925 .467 1.500
April .577 1.532 .345 1.377
May .402 1.394 .259 1.380
June .299 1.524 .210 1.431
July .271 1.775 .204 1.531
August .257 1.731 .202 1.492
September .264 1.484 .204 1.370
October .414 1.428 .271 1.392
November .661 1.658 .385 1.432
December .987 2.223 .527 1.616
Total 6.946 20.934 4.118 17.568
2003 January 1.207 (R) 2.579 (R) .638 (R) 1.743
February 1.108 (R) 2.281 (R) .587 (R) 1.545
March (R) .876 1.975 .480 (R) 1.503
April .589 (R) 1.516 (R) .340 (R) 1.332
May (R) .393 (R) 1.398 (R) .245 (R) 1.340
June .292 (R) 1.436 .198 (R) 1.356
July .273 (R) 1.725 .199 (R) 1.483
August .263 (R) 1.745 (R) .201 (R) 1.492
September .278 (R) 1.460 .200 (R) 1.315
October .396 (R) 1.374 (R) .254 (R) 1.348
November .590 1.569 (R) .336 (R) 1.382
December .971 (R) 2.245 .505 (R) 1.608
Total (R) 7.237 (R) 21.311 (R) 4.184 (R) 17.442
2004 January 1.231 (R) 2.644 .623 (R) 1.727
February 1.087 (R) 2.304 .576 (R) 1.586
March .795 (R) 1.869 .444 (R) 1.477
April .564 (R) 1.490 .334 (R) 1.342
May .368 (R) 1.414 (R) .234 (R) 1.395
June .290 (R) 1.534 .199 (R) 1.392
July .281 (R) 1.724 (R) .195 (R) 1.482
August .269 (R) 1.663 (R) .192 (R) 1.452
September .274 (R) 1.486 (R) .194 (R) 1.372
October .387 1.412 .246 1.365
10-Month Total 5.545 17.539 3.236 14.590
2003 10-Month Total 5.677 17.489 3.342 14.456
2002 10-Month Total 5.298 17.051 3.206 14.521
End-Use Sectors
Industrial (b) Transportation
Primary Total Primary Total
1973 Total 24.741 32.653 18.576 18.612
1974 Total 23.816 31.819 18.086 18.119
1975 Total 21.454 29.447 18.209 18.244
1976 Total 22.685 31.429 19.065 19.099
1977 Total 23.193 32.307 19.784 19.820
1978 Total 23.277 32.733 20.580 20.615
1979 Total 24.211 33.962 20.436 20.471
1980 Total 22.673 32.152 19.658 19.696
1981 Total 21.404 30.836 19.476 19.513
1982 Total 19.112 27.704 19.051 19.088
1983 Total 18.598 27.511 19.133 19.176
1984 Total 20.208 29.643 19.804 19.851
1985 Total 19.540 28.958 20.075 20.122
1986 Total 19.133 28.375 20.828 20.877
1987 Total 20.046 29.519 21.474 21.524
1988 Total 20.958 30.818 22.331 22.382
1989 Total 20.888 31.396 22.568 22.622
1990 Total 21.235 31.918 22.535 22.589
1991 Total 20.903 31.527 22.142 22.195
1992 Total 21.806 32.673 22.489 22.542
1993 Total 21.738 32.668 22.830 22.883
1994 Total 22.376 33.557 23.448 23.503
1995 Total 22.643 33.941 23.905 23.960
1996 Total 23.364 34.905 24.456 24.511
1997 Total 23.608 35.167 24.753 24.808
1998 Total 23.067 34.777 25.301 25.357
1999 Total 22.826 34.679 26.050 26.108
2000 Total 22.740 34.616 26.645 26.705
2001 Total 21.834 32.527 26.215 26.276
2002 January 1.970 2.799 2.120 2.124
February 1.807 2.611 1.938 1.942
March 1.928 2.799 2.196 2.200
April 1.807 2.682 2.188 2.193
May 1.840 2.772 2.279 2.284
June 1.751 2.687 2.258 2.263
July 1.824 2.791 2.340 2.346
August 1.841 2.795 2.342 2.347
September 1.758 2.651 2.178 2.183
October 1.884 2.786 2.233 2.238
November 1.869 2.755 2.209 2.214
December 1.817 2.701 2.345 2.349
Total 22.096 32.830 26.626 26.683
2003 January (R) 1.956 (R) 2.855 (R) 2.139 (R) 2.146
February (R) 1.844 (R) 2.678 1.991 (R) 1.997
March (R) 1.856 (R) 2.741 (R) 2.206 (R) 2.212
April (R) 1.766 (R) 2.674 (R) 2.182 2.188
May 1.746 (R) 2.704 2.251 (R) 2.258
June (R) 1.646 (R) 2.622 2.243 (R) 2.249
July (R) 1.771 (R) 2.751 2.336 (R) 2.343
August (R) 1.781 (R) 2.786 (R) 2.392 (R) 2.398
September (R) 1.745 (R) 2.644 2.224 (R) 2.231
October (R) 1.864 (R) 2.812 (R) 2.293 (R) 2.299
November (R) 1.803 (R) 2.734 2.201 (R) 2.207
December (R) 1.882 (R) 2.803 2.349 (R) 2.355
Total (R) 21.661 (R) 32.801 (R) 26.806 (R) 26.884
2004 January 1.964 (R) 2.859 (R) 2.189 (R) 2.196
February 1.893 (R) 2.750 2.106 (R) 2.114
March (R) 1.910 (R) 2.814 2.257 (R) 2.263
April 1.786 (R) 2.691 2.252 2.258
May (R) 1.840 (R) 2.852 (R) 2.311 (R) 2.317
June (R) 1.748 (R) 2.714 2.286 (R) 2.293
July (R) 1.782 (R) 2.768 2.388 (R) 2.396
August (R) 1.855 (R) 2.842 2.361 2.368
September (R) 1.764 (R) 2.691 (R) 2.281 (R) 2.288
October 1.916 2.859 2.339 2.346
10-Month Total 18.458 27.838 22.769 22.839
2003 10-Month Total 17.976 27.268 22.256 22.321
2002 10-Month Total 18.410 27.375 22.072 22.120
Electric
Power
Sector
(c, d)
Adjust-
Primary ments (e) Total (b)
1973 Total 19.753 0.007 75.708
1974 Total 19.933 .007 73.991
1975 Total 20.307 .001 71.999
1976 Total 21.513 .008 76.012
1977 Total 22.591 .007 78.000
1978 Total 23.587 .002 79.986
1979 Total 23.987 .002 80.903
1980 Total 24.359 -.001 78.289
1981 Total 24.525 .003 76.342
1982 Total 24.063 .004 73.253
1983 Total 24.705 .003 73.101
1984 Total 25.741 .003 76.736
1985 Total 26.158 -.004 76.469
1986 Total 26.359 .003 76.782
1987 Total 27.124 -.003 79.225
1988 Total 28.354 .003 82.844
1989 Total (d) 30.044 .009 84.957
1990 Total 30.647 -.020 84.668
1991 Total 30.999 .001 84.595
1992 Total 30.873 (s) 85.949
1993 Total 32.006 -.010 87.578
1994 Total 32.551 -.006 89.248
1995 Total 33.616 .003 91.221
1996 Total 34.626 .004 94.224
1997 Total 35.024 .006 94.727
1998 Total 36.363 -.003 95.146
1999 Total 37.097 .006 96.774
2000 Total 38.180 .002 98.905
2001 Total 37.372 .004 96.378
2002 January 3.162 -.001 8.849
February 2.782 -.004 7.928
March 2.978 -.003 8.421
April 2.866 -.002 7.782
May 3.050 .000 7.830
June 3.388 .004 7.910
July 3.803 .009 8.452
August 3.724 .008 8.374
September 3.284 .004 7.691
October 3.042 -.001 7.843
November 2.935 -.002 8.057
December 3.214 -.001 8.888
Total 38.228 .011 98.026
2003 January (R) 3.383 .001 (R) 9.325
February (R) 2.971 -.003 (R) 8.498
March (R) 3.012 -.003 (R) 8.427
April (R) 2.832 -.004 (R) 7.706
May (R) 3.064 -.001 (R) 7.698
June (R) 3.284 .001 (R) 7.664
July (R) 3.724 .005 (R) 8.306
August (R) 3.785 .006 (R) 8.428
September (R) 3.202 (R) .002 (R) 7.651
October (R) 3.025 -.001 (R) 7.832
November (R) 2.962 -.002 (R) 7.890
December (R) 3.304 -.001 (R) 9.011
Total (R) 38.549 (R) -.001 (R) 98.437
2004 January (R) 3.419 (s) (R) 9.426
February (R) 3.092 (R) -.002 (R) 8.752
March (R) 3.017 -.004 (R) 8.419
April (R) 2.846 -.004 (R) 7.778
May (R) 3.226 .001 (R) 7.978
June (R) 3.409 .003 (R) 7.936
July (R) 3.723 .006 (R) 8.376
August (R) 3.648 .005 (R) 8.330
September (R) 3.324 .003 (R) 7.838
October 3.093 -.003 7.979
10-Month Total 32.798 .006 82.812
2003 10-Month Total 32.283 .002 81.536
2002 10-Month Total 32.080 .014 81.081
(a) Commercial sector fuel use, including that at commercial
combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and commercial electricity-only
plants. See note at end of Section 7.
(b) Industrial sector fuel use, including that at industrial
combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and industrial electricity-only
plants. See note at end of Section 7.
(c) The electric power sector comprises electricity-only and
combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS 22
category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or
electricity and heat, to the public.
(d) Through 1988, data are for consumption at electric utilities
only. Beginning in 1989, data also include consumption at independent
power producers.
(e) A balancing item. The sum of primary consumption in the five
energy-use sectors equals the sum of total consumption in the four
end-use sectors. However, total energy consumption does not equal the
sum of the sectoral components due to the use of sector-specific
conversion factors for coal and natural gas.
R=Revised. (s)=Less than 0.5 trillion Btu.
Notes: * Primary consumption includes coal, natural gas, petroleum,
nuclear electric power, hydroelectric power, wood, waste, alcohol
fuels, geothermal, solar, wind, coal coke net imports, and electricity
net imports. * Total consumption includes primary consumption
electricity retail sales, and electrical system energy losses. * Totals
may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.
* Geographic coverage is the 50 States and the District of Columbia.
Web Page: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/consump.html.
Additional Notes and Sources: See Tables 2.2-2.6 and end of section.
Table 2.2 Residential Sector Energy Consumption
(Quadrillion Btu)
Primary Consumption
Fossil Fuels
Natural
Coal Gas (b) Petroleum Total
1973 Total 0.094 4.977 2.825 7.896
1974 Total .082 4.901 2.573 7.557
1975 Total .063 5.023 2.495 7.580
1976 Total .059 5.147 2.720 7.927
1977 Total .057 4.913 2.695 7.666
1978 Total .049 4.981 2.620 7.651
1979 Total .037 5.055 2.114 7.206
1980 Total .031 4.866 1.748 6.645
1981 Total .030 4.660 1.543 6.234
1982 Total .032 4.753 1.441 6.226
1983 Total .031 4.516 1.362 5.909
1984 Total .040 4.692 1.337 6.069
1985 Total .039 4.571 1.483 6.093
1986 Total .040 4.439 1.457 5.936
1987 Total .037 4.449 1.508 5.994
1988 Total .037 4.765 1.563 6.364
1989 Total .031 4.929 1.560 6.519
1990 Total .031 4.523 1.263 5.817
1991 Total .025 4.697 1.293 6.015
1992 Total .026 4.835 1.311 6.172
1993 Total .026 5.095 1.385 6.506
1994 Total .021 4.988 1.333 6.342
1995 Total .017 4.981 1.356 6.355
1996 Total .017 5.383 1.489 6.888
1997 Total .016 5.118 1.448 6.582
1998 Total .012 4.669 1.322 6.003
1999 Total .014 4.858 1.452 6.324
2000 Total .011 6.126 1.506 6.643
2001 Total .012 4.919 1.539 6.470
2002 January .001 .840 .174 1.015
February .001 .735 .145 .881
March .001 .681 .141 .823
April .001 .428 .117 .546
May .001 .263 .106 .370
June .001 .165 .102 .268
July .001 .128 .109 .239
August .001 .119 .105 .224
September .001 .128 .104 .232
October .001 .258 .123 .381
November .001 .497 .131 .630
December .001 .794 .159 .955
Total .011 5.036 1.516 6.564
2003 January .001 .974 .195 (R) 1.170
February .001 .914 .160 1.075
March .001 (R) .698 .140 (R) .839
April .001 .429 .124 .553
May .001 .257 .099 .357
June .001 .163 (R) .094 .257
July .001 .131 .104 .236
August .001 .120 .105 .226
September .001 .132 .110 .243
October .001 .237 (R) .122 (R) .360
November .001 .426 .127 .554
December .002 .763 .169 .934
Total .012 (R) 5.243 (R) 1.548 (R) 6.802
2004 January .001 .996 .197 1.194
February .001 .885 .166 1.052
March .001 .611 .146 .758
April .001 .395 .132 .528
May .001 .220 .110 .331
June .001 .149 .105 .255
July .001 .129 .114 .244
August .001 .123 .109 .232
September .001 .129 .109 .238
October .001 .222 .128 .350
10-Month Total .009 3.858 1.316 5.183
2003 10-Month Total .009 4.054 1.252 5.315
2002 10-Month Total .009 3.745 1.226 4.980
Primary Consumption
Renewable Energy (a)
Geo
Wood thermal (c) Solar (d) Total
1973 Total 0.354 NA NA 0.354
1974 Total .371 NA NA .371
1975 Total .425 NA NA .425
1976 Total .482 NA NA .482
1977 Total .542 NA NA .542
1978 Total .622 NA NA .622
1979 Total .728 NA NA .728
1980 Total .859 NA NA .859
1981 Total .869 NA NA .869
1982 Total .937 NA NA .937
1983 Total .925 NA NA .925
1984 Total .923 NA NA .923
1985 Total .899 NA NA .899
1986 Total .876 NA NA .876
1987 Total .852 NA NA .852
1988 Total .885 NA NA .885
1989 Total .918 .005 .053 .976
1990 Total .581 .006 .056 .642
1991 Total .613 .006 .058 .677
1992 Total .645 .006 .060 .711
1993 Total .548 .007 .062 .616
1994 Total .537 .006 .064 .607
1995 Total .596 .007 .065 .667
1996 Total .595 .007 .065 .667
1997 Total .433 .008 .065 .506
1998 Total .387 .008 .065 .459
1999 Total .414 .009 .064 .486
2000 Total .433 .009 .061 .503
2001 Total .370 .009 .060 .439
2002 January .027 .001 .005 .032
February .024 .001 .005 .029
March .027 .001 .005 .032
April .026 .001 .005 .031
May .027 .001 .005 .032
June .026 .001 .005 .031
July .027 .001 .005 .032
August .027 .001 .005 .032
September .026 .001 .005 .031
October .027 .001 .005 .032
November .026 .001 .005 .031
December .027 .001 .005 .032
Total .313 .010 .059 .382
2003 January .030 .002 .005 .037
February .028 .001 .004 .033
March .030 .002 .005 .037
April .030 .001 .005 .036
May .030 .002 .005 .037
June .030 .001 .005 .036
July .030 .002 .005 .037
August .030 .002 .005 .037
September .030 .001 .005 .036
October .030 .002 .005 .037
November .030 .001 .005 .036
December .030 .002 .005 .037
Total .359 .018 .058 .435
2004 January .030 .002 .005 .037
February .028 .001 .005 .034
March .030 .002 .005 .037
April .029 .001 .005 .036
May .030 .002 .005 .037
June .029 .001 .005 .036
July .030 .002 .005 .037
August .030 .002 .005 .037
September .029 .001 .005 .036
October .030 .002 .005 .037
10-Month Total .299 .015 .048 .362
2003 10-Month Total .299 .015 .048 .362
2002 10-Month Total .261 .008 .049 .318
Primary
Consumption
Electrical
Electricity System
Total Retail Energy
Primary Sales (e) Losses (f) Total
1973 Total 8.250 1.976 4.703 14.930
1974 Total 7.928 1.973 4.783 14.683
1975 Total 8.006 2.007 4.829 14.842
1976 Total 8.408 2.069 4.963 15.441
1977 Total 8.207 2.202 5.280 15.689
1978 Total 8.272 2.301 5.582 16.156
1979 Total 7.934 2.330 5.578 15.842
1980 Total 7.504 2.448 5.897 15.848
1981 Total 7.103 2.464 5.786 15.353
1982 Total 7.163 2.489 5.925 15.577
1983 Total 6.834 2.562 6.063 15.459
1984 Total 6.992 2.662 6.123 15.777
1985 Total 6.992 2.709 6.227 15.928
1986 Total 6.812 2.795 6.320 15.927
1987 Total 6.846 2.902 6.485 16.233
1988 Total 7.249 3.046 6.774 17.069
1989 Total 7.495 3.090 7.189 17.774
1990 Total 6.460 3.153 7.287 16.900
1991 Total 6.692 3.260 7.463 17.414
1992 Total 6.883 3.193 7.263 17.339
1993 Total 7.122 3.394 7.733 18.249
1994 Total 6.949 3.441 7.746 18.135
1995 Total 7.022 3.557 8.073 18.653
1996 Total 7.556 3.694 8.393 19.643
1997 Total 7.088 3.671 8.308 19.067
1998 Total 6.462 3.856 8.733 19.052
1999 Total 6.810 3.906 8.917 19.634
2000 Total 7.147 4.069 9.238 20.453
2001 Total 6.909 4.103 9.234 20.247
2002 January 1.048 .402 .873 2.323
February .910 .332 .692 1.935
March .855 .327 .742 1.925
April .577 .294 .661 1.532
May .402 .299 .693 1.394
June .299 .368 .857 1.524
July .271 .455 1.049 1.775
August .257 .457 1.017 1.731
September .264 .392 .828 1.484
October .414 .322 .693 1.428
November .661 .303 .693 1.658
December .987 .372 .863 2.223
Total 6.946 4.323 9.665 20.934
2003 January 1.207 (R) .425 (R) .946 (R) 2.579
February 1.108 (R) .380 (R) .793 (R) 2.281
March (R) .876 (R) .340 (R) .759 1.975
April .589 (R) .286 (R) .642 (R) 1.516
May (R) .393 (R) .300 (R) .704 (R) 1.398
June .292 (R) .343 (R) .801 (R) 1.436
July .273 (R) .442 (R) 1.010 (R) 1.725
August .263 (R) .455 (R) 1.028 (R) 1.745
September .278 (R) .385 (R) .796 (R) 1.460
October .396 (R) .306 (R) .672 (R) 1.374
November .590 (R) .297 (R) .682 1.569
December .971 (R) .387 .887 (R) 2.245
Total (R) 7.237 (R) 4.345 (R) 9.729 (R) 21.311
2004 January 1.231 .433 (R) .980 (R) 2.644
February 1.087 .386 (R) .832 (R) 2.304
March .795 .338 (R) .736 (R) 1.869
April .564 .292 (R) .634 (R) 1.490
May .368 .309 (R) .737 (R) 1.414
June .290 .383 (R) .860 (R) 1.534
July .281 .443 (R) 1.001 (R) 1.724
August .269 .432 (R) .961 (R) 1.663
September .274 (R) .384 (R) .828 (R) 1.486
October .387 .319 .705 1.412
10-Month Total 5.545 3.720 8.274 17.539
2003 10-Month Total 5.677 3.661 8.151 17.489
2002 10-Month Total 5.298 3.647 8.106 17.051
(a) All values are estimated; see Table 10.2a.
(b) Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that
cannot be identified separately.
(c) Geothermal heat pump and direct use energy.
(d) Solar thermal direct use and photovoltaic electricity generation.
Includes small amounts of commercial sector use.
(e) Electricity retail sales to ultimate customers reported by electric
utilities and other energy service providers.
(f) See Note 12 at end of section.
R=Revised. NA=Not available.
Notes: * Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent
rounding. * Geographic coverage is the 50 States and the District of
Columbia.
Web Page: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/consump.html.
Additional Notes and Sources: See end of section.
Table 2.3 Commercial Sector Energy Consumption
(Quadrillion Btu)
Primary Consumption
Fossil Fuels
Natural
Coal Gas (b) Petroleum Total
1973 Total 0.160 2.649 1.565 4.374
1974 Total .175 2.617 1.423 4.214
1975 Total .147 2.558 1.310 4.015
1976 Total .144 2.718 1.461 4.324
1977 Total .148 2.548 1.511 4.207
1978 Total .165 2.643 1.450 4.257
1979 Total .149 2.836 1.334 4.319
1980 Total .115 2.674 1.288 4.076
1981 Total .137 2.583 1.090 3.810
1982 Total .155 2.673 1.008 3.837
1983 Total .162 2.508 1.136 3.805
1984 Total .169 2.600 1.198 3.967
1985 Total .137 2.508 1.039 3.684
1986 Total .135 2.386 1.099 3.620
1987 Total .125 2.505 1.079 3.709
1988 Total .131 2.748 1.037 3.916
1989 Total .115 2.802 .973 3.891
1990 Total .124 2.701 .913 3.739
1991 Total .116 2.813 .859 3.788
1992 Total .117 2.890 .811 3.817
1993 Total .117 2.942 .750 3.809
1994 Total .118 2.979 .747 3.844
1995 Total .117 3.113 .710 3.940
1996 Total .122 3.244 .743 4.108
1997 Total .129 3.302 .704 4.135
1998 Total .093 3.098 .653 3.845
1999 Total .103 3.130 .637 3.870
2000 Total .092 3.265 .726 4.083
2001 Total .097 3.116 .742 3.955
2002 January .010 .443 .090 .543
February .009 .409 .071 .489
March .008 .381 .071 .460
April .007 .272 .058 .337
May .006 .195 .050 .251
June .005 .148 .049 .202
July .007 .138 .050 .196
August .006 .137 .051 .194
September .005 .143 .048 .196
October .006 .201 .055 .263
November .009 .304 .064 .377
December .012 .426 .081 .519
Total .091 3.196 .738 4.025
2003 January .011 .524 .094 .629
February .010 .489 .080 (R) .579
March .007 .392 .072 .471
April .008 .263 .061 .332
May .006 .182 .048 .236
June .005 .138 .046 .189
July .007 (R) .132 .050 (R) .189
August .007 (R) .130 .055 (R) .192
September .005 (R) .136 .051 (R) .191
October .006 .183 .057 .245
November .009 .258 .061 .328
December .014 .400 .082 .496
Total .094 (R) 3.226 (R) .758 4.078
2004 January .012 .507 (R) .096 .614
February .010 .475 .082 .567
March .006 .355 .073 .435
April .008 .253 .064 .325
May .006 .169 .051 (R) .225
June .005 .135 .049 .190
July .007 (R) .124 .054 (R) .186
August .006 (R) .124 .053 (R) .183
September .005 (R) .127 .053 (R) .185
October .007 .169 .061 .237
10-Month Total .072 2.438 .637 3.147
2003 10-Month Total .071 2.569 .614 3.254
2002 10-Month Total .070 2.467 .592 3.129
Primary Consumption
Renewable Energy (a)
Wood
Hydro- and Geo-
power (c) Waste thermal (d) Total
1973 Total NA 0.007 NA 0.007
1974 Total NA .007 NA .007
1975 Total NA .008 NA .008
1976 Total NA .009 NA .009
1977 Total NA .010 NA .010
1978 Total NA .012 NA .012
1979 Total NA .014 NA .014
1980 Total NA .021 NA .021
1981 Total NA .021 NA .021
1982 Total NA .022 NA .022
1983 Total NA .022 NA .022
1984 Total NA .022 NA .022
1985 Total NA .024 NA .024
1986 Total NA .027 NA .027
1987 Total NA .029 NA .029
1988 Total NA .032 NA .032
1989 Total .001 .058 .003 .061
1990 Total .001 .067 .003 .071
1991 Total .001 .068 .003 .072
1992 Total .001 .076 .003 .081
1993 Total .001 .079 .003 .084
1994 Total .001 .081 .004 .086
1995 Total .001 .086 .005 .092
1996 Total .001 .103 .005 .110
1997 Total .001 .107 .006 .113
1998 Total .001 .102 .007 .111
1999 Total .001 .106 .007 .114
2000 Total .001 .100 .008 .109
2001 Total .001 .080 .008 .089
2002 January (s) .007 .001 .007
February (s) .006 .001 .007
March (s) .007 .001 .007
April (s) .007 .001 .007
May (s) .007 .001 .008
June (s) .007 .001 .008
July (s) .008 .001 .008
August (s) .008 .001 .008
September (s) .007 .001 .008
October (s) .007 .001 .008
November (s) .007 .001 .008
December (s) .007 .001 .007
Total (s) .084 .009 .093
2003 January (s) (R) .008 .001 (R) .009
February (s) .007 .001 .008
March (s) .008 .001 .009
April (s) (R) .007 .001 .009
May (s) .008 .001 .009
June (s) .008 .001 .009
July (s) .008 .001 .009
August (s) .008 .001 .009
September (s) .007 .001 (R) .009
October (s) .008 .001 .009
November (s) (R) .007 .001 .009
December (s) .008 .001 .009
Total .001 .090 .015 (R) .106
2004 January (s) .008 .001 .009
February (s) .007 .001 .008
March (s) .008 .001 .009
April (s) .008 .001 .009
May (s) .008 .001 .009
June (s) .008 .001 .009
July (s) .008 .001 .009
August (s) .008 .001 .009
September (s) .007 .001 .009
October (s) .008 .001 .009
10-Month Total .001 .076 .013 .089
2003 10-Month Total .001 .075 .013 .089
2002 10-Month Total (s) .070 .007 .078
Primary
Consumption
Electrical
Electricity System
Total Retail Energy
Primary Sales (e) Losses (f) Total
1973 Total 4.381 1.517 3.609 9.507
1974 Total 4.221 1.501 3.640 9.363
1975 Total 4.023 1.598 3.845 9.466
1976 Total 4.333 1.678 4.025 10.035
1977 Total 4.217 1.754 4.206 10.177
1978 Total 4.269 1.813 4.398 10.481
1979 Total 4.333 1.854 4.439 10.627
1980 Total 4.097 1.906 4.591 10.594
1981 Total 3.831 2.033 4.774 10.638
1982 Total 3.859 2.077 4.944 10.880
1983 Total 3.827 2.116 5.008 10.952
1984 Total 3.989 2.264 5.209 11.463
1985 Total 3.708 2.351 5.405 11.465
1986 Total 3.647 2.439 5.515 11.600
1987 Total 3.738 2.539 5.674 11.951
1988 Total 3.948 2.675 5.948 12.571
1989 Total 3.952 2.767 6.437 13.156
1990 Total 3.810 2.860 6.611 13.281
1991 Total 3.860 2.918 6.681 13.458
1992 Total 3.898 2.900 6.596 13.394
1993 Total 3.892 3.019 6.877 13.788
1994 Total 3.930 3.116 7.013 14.059
1995 Total 4.032 3.252 7.381 14.665
1996 Total 4.218 3.344 7.599 15.161
1997 Total 4.248 3.503 7.928 15.679
1998 Total 3.956 3.678 8.330 15.964
1999 Total 3.984 3.766 8.597 16.347
2000 Total 4.192 3.956 8.982 17.129
2001 Total 4.044 4.086 9.194 17.323
2002 January .550 .332 .721 1.604
February .495 .308 .642 1.445
March .467 .316 .717 1.500
April .345 .318 .715 1.377
May .259 .337 .784 1.380
June .210 .367 .854 1.431
July .204 .401 .925 1.531
August .202 .400 .890 1.492
September .204 .375 .791 1.370
October .271 .355 .766 1.392
November .385 .319 .729 1.432
December .527 .328 .761 1.616
Total 4.118 4.157 9.293 17.568
2003 January (R) .638 (R) .343 (R) .762 (R) 1.743
February (R) .587 (R) .310 (R) .647 (R) 1.545
March .480 (R) .316 (R) .706 (R) 1.503
April (R) .340 (R) .305 (R) .686 (R) 1.332
May (R) .245 (R) .327 (R) .768 (R) 1.340
June .198 (R) .347 (R) .811 (R) 1.356
July .199 (R) .391 (R) .893 (R) 1.483
August (R) .201 (R) .396 .895 (R) 1.492
September .200 (R) .364 (R) .751 (R) 1.315
October (R) .254 (R) .342 (R) .752 (R) 1.348
November (R) .336 (R) .317 (R) .729 (R) 1.382
December .505 (R) .335 (R) .768 (R) 1.608
Total (R) 4.184 (R) 4.093 (R) 9.165 (R) 17.442
2004 January .623 .339 (R) .766 (R) 1.727
February .576 .320 (R) .690 (R) 1.586
March .444 .325 (R) .708 (R) 1.477
April .334 (R) .318 (R) .691 (R) 1.342
May (R) .234 .343 (R) .817 (R) 1.395
June .199 (R) .368 (R) .825 (R) 1.392
July (R) .195 (R) .395 (R) .892 (R) 1.482
August (R) .192 (R) .391 (R) .869 (R) 1.452
September (R) .194 .374 (R) .804 (R) 1.372
October .246 .348 .771 1.365
10-Month Total 3.236 3.520 7.834 14.590
2003 10-Month Total 3.342 3.441 7.672 14.456
2002 10-Month Total 3.206 3.510 7.805 14.521
(a) All values are estimated; see Table 10.2a.
(b) Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that
cannot be identified separately.
(c) Conventional hydroelectric power.
(d) Geothermal heat pump and direct use energy.
(e) Electricity retail sales to ultimate customers reported by electric
utilities and other energy service providers.
(f) See Note 12 at end of section.
R=Revised. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 0.5 trillion Btu.
Notes: * Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent
rounding. * Geographic coverage is the 50 States and the District of
Columbia.
Web Page: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/consump.html.
Additional Notes and Sources: See end of section.
Table 2.4 Industrial Sector Energy Consumption
(Quadrillion Btu)
Primary Consumption
Fossil Fuels
Natural
Coal Gas (b) Petroleum Total (c)
1973 Total 4.057 10.388 9.104 23.541
1974 Total 3.870 10.004 8.694 22.624
1975 Total 3.667 8.532 8.146 20.359
1976 Total 3.661 8.762 9.010 21.432
1977 Total 3.454 8.635 9.774 21.879
1978 Total 3.314 8.539 9.867 21.845
1979 Total 3.593 8.549 10.568 22.773
1980 Total 3.155 8.395 9.525 21.040
1981 Total 3.157 8.257 8.285 19.682
1982 Total 2.552 7.121 7.794 17.446
1983 Total 2.490 6.826 7.420 16.720
1984 Total 2.842 7.448 8.014 18.292
1985 Total 2.760 7.080 7.805 17.632
1986 Total 2.641 6.690 7.920 17.234
1987 Total 2.673 7.323 8.151 18.155
1988 Total 2.828 7.696 8.430 18.993
1989 Total 2.787 8.131 8.126 19.074
1990 Total 2.756 8.502 8.305 19.568
1991 Total 2.601 8.619 8.047 19.277
1992 Total 2.515 8.967 8.616 20.133
1993 Total 2.496 9.120 8.398 20.042
1994 Total 2.510 9.172 8.792 20.532
1995 Total 2.488 9.637 8.552 20.738
1996 Total 2.434 9.947 8.989 21.393
1997 Total 2.395 9.976 9.214 21.632
1998 Total 2.335 9.806 9.017 21.226
1999 Total 2.227 9.415 9.284 20.983
2000 Total 2.256 9.535 9.055 20.912
2001 Total 2.230 8.725 9.220 20.204
2002 January .175 .810 .837 1.821
February .173 .743 .757 1.676
March .177 .779 .826 1.789
April .168 .764 .738 1.668
May .170 .731 .788 1.693
June .169 .710 .732 1.612
July .170 .726 .764 1.670
August .173 .729 .790 1.699
September .172 .686 .743 1.610
October .185 .728 .806 1.725
November .180 .746 .785 1.721
December .180 .780 .698 1.662
Total 2.094 8.931 9.262 20.348
2003 January .178 .793 .840 (R) 1.813
February .178 (R) .739 (R) .783 (R) 1.713
March .182 .721 (R) .808 1.714
April .174 .676 (R) .774 (R) 1.627
May .171 .663 .769 1.605
June .174 .611 .719 1.508
July .176 .680 .761 (R) 1.623
August .174 .683 .778 1.636
September .175 .664 .763 1.605
October .181 .702 (R) .832 (R) 1.720
November .183 .694 (R) .782 1.662
December .185 .746 (R) .793 (R) 1.730
Total 2.132 8.372 (R) 9.401 (R) 19.955
2004 January .183 .794 .827 1.808
February .179 .750 (R) .811 1.750
March .187 .737 .830 1.764
April .172 .689 .753 1.637
May .171 .669 .818 1.696
June .170 (R) .660 (R) .753 (R) 1.602
July .170 (R) .671 .780 (R) 1.630
August .172 (R) .682 .845 (R) 1.706
September .171 .667 .784 1.620
October .191 .693 .875 1.765
10-Month Total 1.765 7.012 8.077 16.978
2003 10-Month Total 1.764 6.932 7.827 16.563
2002 10-Month Total 1.734 7.405 7.779 16.964
Primary Consumption
Renewable Energy (a)
Wood (e)
Hydro- and Geo-
power (d) Waste (f) thermal (g) Total
1973 Total 0.035 1.165 NA 1.200
1974 Total .033 1.159 NA 1.192
1975 Total .032 1.063 NA 1.096
1976 Total .033 1.220 NA 1.253
1977 Total .033 1.281 NA 1.314
1978 Total .032 1.400 NA 1.432
1979 Total .034 1.405 NA 1.439
1980 Total .033 1.600 NA 1.633
1981 Total .033 1.689 NA 1.722
1982 Total .033 1.634 NA 1.667
1983 Total .033 1.845 NA 1.879
1984 Total .033 1.883 NA 1.916
1985 Total .033 1.875 NA 1.908
1986 Total .033 1.866 NA 1.899
1987 Total .033 1.858 NA 1.891
1988 Total .033 1.933 NA 1.965
1989 Total .028 1.784 .002 1.814
1990 Total .031 1.634 .002 1.667
1991 Total .030 1.595 .002 1.626
1992 Total .031 1.640 .002 1.672
1993 Total .030 1.664 .002 1.696
1994 Total .062 1.779 .003 1.844
1995 Total .055 1.847 .003 1.905
1996 Total .061 1.907 .003 1.971
1997 Total .058 1.915 .003 1.976
1998 Total .055 1.784 .003 1.841
1999 Total .049 1.791 .004 1.843
2000 Total .042 1.781 .004 1.828
2001 Total .032 1.593 .005 1.630
2002 January .003 .145 (s) .149
February .003 .128 (s) .131
March .003 .130 (s) .138
April .003 .135 (s) .139
May .003 .144 (s) .147
June .003 .136 (s) .139
July .003 .151 (s) .154
August .003 .130 (s) .141
September .002 .145 (s) .148
October .003 .156 (s) .159
November .005 .143 (s) .148
December .005 .149 (s) .155
Total .039 1.705 .005 1.748
2003 January .004 (R) .140 (s) (R) .144
February (R) .003 (R) .128 (s) (R) .131
March (R) .004 (R) .138 (s) (R) .142
April (R) .002 .137 (s) (R) .139
May (R) .004 (R) .137 (s) .141
June (R) .004 (R) .134 (s) (R) .138
July (R) .004 (R) .144 (s) .148
August (R) .004 (R) .141 (s) (R) .145
September (R) .003 (R) .136 (s) (R) .139
October (R) .003 (R) .140 (s) (R) .144
November .004 (R) .137 (s) (R) .141
December (R) .005 (R) .147 (s) (R) .153
Total (R) .043 (R) 1.659 .005 (R) 1.707
2004 January .005 .150 (s) (R) .155
February (R) .005 .138 (s) (R) .143
March .004 (R) .142 (s) (R) .146
April .004 .145 (s) .149
May (s)
June .003 (R) .142 (s) (R) .146
July .003 (R) .148 (s) (R) .152
August .004 .145 (s) .149
September .005 (R) .138 (s) (R) .143
October .004 .140 (s) .151
10-Month Total .041 1.435 .004 1.479
2003 10-Month Total .034 1.374 .004 1.413
2002 10-Month Total .029 1.413 .004 1.446
Primary
Consumption
Electrical
Electricity System
Total Retail Energy,
Primary Sales (h) Losses (i) Total (c)
1973 Total 24.741 2.341 5.571 32.653
1974 Total 23.816 2.337 5.666 31.819
1975 Total 21.454 2.346 5.647 29.447
1976 Total 22.685 2.573 6.171 31.429
1977 Total 23.193 2.682 6.432 32.307
1978 Total 23.277 2.761 6.696 32.733
1979 Total 24.211 2.873 6.878 33.962
1980 Total 22.673 2.781 6.698 32.152
1981 Total 21.404 2.817 6.615 30.836
1982 Total 19.112 2.542 6.050 27.704
1983 Total 18.598 2.648 6.265 27.511
1984 Total 20.208 2.859 6.576 29.643
1985 Total 19.540 2.855 6.563 28.958
1986 Total 19.133 2.834 6.408 28.375
1987 Total 20.046 2.928 6.545 29.519
1988 Total 20.958 3.059 6.801 30.818
1989 Total 20.888 3.158 7.349 31.396
1990 Total 21.235 3.226 7.457 31.918
1991 Total 20.903 3.230 7.394 31.527
1992 Total 21.806 3.319 7.548 32.673
1993 Total 21.738 3.334 7.596 32.668
1994 Total 22.376 3.439 7.742 33.557
1995 Total 22.643 3.455 7.842 33.941
1996 Total 23.364 3.527 8.014 34.905
1997 Total 23.608 3.542 8.017 35.167
1998 Total 23.067 3.587 8.124 34.777
1999 Total 22.826 3.611 8.242 34.679
2000 Total 22.740 3.631 8.245 34.616
2001 Total 21.834 3.290 7.404 32.527
2002 January 1.970 .261 .568 2.799
February 1.807 .261 .544 2.611
March 1.928 .267 .605 2.799
April 1.807 .269 .605 2.682
May 1.840 .281 .652 2.772
June 1.751 .281 .655 2.687
July 1.824 .292 .674 2.791
August 1.841 .296 .659 2.795
September 1.758 .287 .606 2.651
October 1.884 .286 .616 2.786
November 1.869 .270 .617 2.755
December 1.817 .266 .618 2.701
Total 22.096 3.317 7.416 32.830
2003 January (R) 1.956 (R) .279 (R) .620 (R) 2.855
February (R) 1.844 (R) .270 (R) .563 (R) 2.678
March (R) 1.856 (R) .274 (R) .611 (R) 2.741
April (R) 1.766 (R) .279 (R) .628 (R) 2.674
May 1.746 (R) .286 (R) .672 (R) 2.704
June (R) 1.646 (R) .292 (R) .684 (R) 2.622
July (R) 1.771 (R) .299 (R) .682 (R) 2.751
August (R) 1.781 (R) .308 (R) .697 (R) 2.786
September (R) 1.745 (R) .293 (R) .606 (R) 2.644
October (R) 1.864 (R) .296 (R) .651 (R) 2.812
November (R) 1.803 (R) .282 (R) .649 (R) 2.734
December (R) 1.882 (R) .280 (R) .642 (R) 2.803
Total (R) 21.661 (R) 3.439 (R) 7.700 (R) 32.801
2004 January 1.964 .274 (R) .620 (R) 2.859
February 1.893 (R) .272 (R) .585 (R) 2.750
March (R) 1.910 .284 (R) .620 (R) 2.814
April 1.786 .285 (R) .620 (R) 2.691
May .299 .713 (R) 2.852
June (R) 1.748 .298 (R) .668 (R) 2.714
July (R) 1.782 .302 (R) .684 (R) 2.768
August (R) 1.855 .306 .681 (R) 2.842
September (R) 1.764 .294 (R) .633 (R) 2.691
October 1.916 .293 .649 2.859
10-Month Total 18.458 2.908 6.472 27.838
2003 10-Month Total 17.976 2.877 6.415 27.268
2002 10-Month Total 18.410 2.781 6.183 27.375
(a) All values are estimated; see Table 10.2b.
(b) Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that
cannot be identified separately.
(c) Includes coal coke net imports, which are not separately displayed.
See Table 1.4.
(d) Conventional hydroelectric power.
(e) Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste.
(f) Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires,
agricultural byproducts, and other biomass.
(g) Geothermal heat pump and direct use energy.
(h) Electricity retail sales to ultimate customers reported by electric
utilities and other energy service providers.
(i) See Note 12 at end of section.
R=Revised. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 0.5 trillion Btu.
Notes: * Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent
rounding. * Geographic coverage is the 50 States and the District of
Columbia.
Web Page: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/consump.html.
Additional Notes and Sources: See end of section.
Table 2.5 Transportation Sector Energy Consumption
(Quadrillion Btu)
Primary Consumption
Fossil Fuels
Natural Petroleum
Coal Gas (b) (c,d)
1973 Total 0.003 0.743 17.831
1974 Total .002 .685 17.399
1975 Total .001 .595 17.614
1976 Total (s) .559 18.506
1977 Total (s) .543 19.241
1978 Total (h) .539 20.041
1979 Total (h) .612 19.825
1980 Total (h) .650 19.008
1981 Total (h) .658 18.811
1982 Total (h) .612 18.420
1983 Total (h) .505 18.593
1984 Total (h) .545 19.216
1985 Total (h) .519 19.504
1986 Total (h) .499 20.269
1987 Total (h) .535 20.870
1988 Total (h) .632 21.629
1989 Total (h) .649 21.848
1990 Total (h) .680 21.792
1991 Total (h) .620 21.448
1992 Total (h) .608 21.798
1993 Total (h) .645 (d) 22.185
1994 Total (h) .709 22.739
1995 Total (h) .724 23.181
1996 Total (h) .737 23.719
1997 Total (h) .780 23.973
1998 Total (h) .666 24.635
1999 Total (h) .675 25.375
2000 Total (h) .672 25.973
2001 Total (h) .659 25.556
2002 January (h) .076 2.044
February (h) .069 1.869
March (h) .069 2.127
April (h) .057 2.131
May (h) .049 2.230
June (h) .048 2.210
July (h) .053 2.287
August (h) .052 2.290
September (h) .047 2.131
October (h) .050 2.183
November (h) .058 2.151
December (h) .073 2.272
Total .702 25.924
2003 January (h) .081 (R) 2.058
February (h) .075 (R) 1.915
March (h) .066 (R) 2.139
April (h) .052 (R) 2.130
May (h) .046 2.205
June (h) .041 (R) 2.201
July (h) .048 2.288
August (h) .049 2.342
September (h) (R) .043 2.182
October (h) .047 (R) 2.246
November (h) .053 2.148
December (h) .068 (R) 2.281
Total (h) .670 (R) 26.136
2004 January (h) (E) .080 2.108
February (h) (E) .075 2.031
March (h) (E) .063 2.193
April (h) (E) .053 2.199
May (h) (E) .047 (R) 2.264
June (h) (E) .044 2.242
July (h) (E) .047 2.341
August (h) (E) .047 2.313
September (h) (R)(E) .045 2.236
October (h) (E) .046 2.293
10-Month Total (h) (E) .548 22.221
2003 10-Month Total (h) .549 21.707
2002 10-Month Total (h) .571 21.501
Primary Consumption
Renewable
Energy (a)
Alcohol Total
Total Fuels (d,e) Primary (d)
1973 Total 18.576 NA 18.576
1974 Total 18.086 NA 18.086
1975 Total 18.209 NA 18.209
1976 Total 19.065 NA 19.065
1977 Total 19.784 NA 19.784
1978 Total 20.580 NA 20.580
1979 Total 20.436 NA 20.436
1980 Total 19.658 NA 19.658
1981 Total 19.469 .007 19.476
1982 Total 19.032 .019 19.051
1983 Total 19.098 .035 19.133
1984 Total 19.761 .043 19.804
1985 Total 20.023 .052 20.075
1986 Total 20.768 .060 20.828
1987 Total 21.405 .069 21.474
1988 Total 22.261 .070 22.331
1989 Total 22.497 .071 22.568
1990 Total 22.472 .063 22.535
1991 Total 22.069 .073 22.142
1992 Total 22.406 .083 22.489
1993 Total 22.830 (d) .097 (d) 22.830
1994 Total 23.448 .109 23.448
1995 Total 23.905 .117 23.905
1996 Total 24.456 .084 24.456
1997 Total 24.753 .106 24.753
1998 Total 25.301 .117 25.301
1999 Total 26.050 .122 26.050
2000 Total 26.645 .139 26.645
2001 Total 26.215 .147 26.215
2002 January 2.120 .013 2.120
February 1.938 .012 1.938
March 2.196 .012 2.196
April 2.188 .012 2.188
May 2.279 .014 2.279
June 2.258 .012 2.258
July 2.340 .015 2.340
August 2.342 .014 2.342
September 2.178 .015 2.178
October 2.233 .017 2.233
November 2.209 .020 2.209
December 2.345 .019 2.345
Total 26.626 .174 26.626
2003 January (R) 2.139 .017 (R) 2.139
February 1.991 .020 1.991
March (R) 2.206 .017 (R) 2.206
April (R) 2.182 .020 (R) 2.182
May 2.251 .019 2.251
June 2.243 .019 2.243
July 2.336 .020 2.336
August (R) 2.392 .021 (R) 2.392
September 2.224 .018 2.224
October (R) 2.293 .021 (R) 2.293
November 2.201 .024 2.201
December 2.349 .025 2.349
Total (R) 26.806 .239 (R) 26.806
2004 January (R) 2.189 .024 (R) 2.189
February 2.106 .022 2.106
March 2.257 .024 2.257
April 2.252 .024 2.252
May (R) 2.311 .025 (R) 2.311
June 2.286 .025 2.286
July 2.388 .025 2.388
August 2.361 .024 2.361
September (R) 2.281 .026 (R) 2.281
October 2.339 .025 2.339
10-Month Total 22.769 .244 22.769
2003 10-Month Total 22.256 .190 22.256
2002 10-Month Total 22.072 .136 22.072
Electrical
Electricity System
Retail Energy
Sales (f) Losses (g) Total (d)
1973 Total 0.011 0.025 18.612
1974 Total .010 .024 18.119
1975 Total .010 .024 18.244
1976 Total .010 .024 19.099
1977 Total .010 .025 19.820
1978 Total .010 .024 20.615
1979 Total .010 .024 20.471
1980 Total .011 .027 19.696
1981 Total .011 .026 19.513
1982 Total .011 .026 19.088
1983 Total .013 .030 19.176
1984 Total .014 .033 19.851
1985 Total .014 .033 20.122
1986 Total .015 .034 20.877
1987 Total .016 .035 21.524
1988 Total .016 .035 22.382
1989 Total .016 .038 22.622
1990 Total .016 .037 22.589
1991 Total .016 .037 22.195
1992 Total .016 .037 22.542
1993 Total .016 .037 (d) 22.883
1994 Total .017 .038 23.503
1995 Total .017 .039 23.960
1996 Total .017 .038 24.511
1997 Total .017 .038 24.808
1998 Total .017 .038 25.357
1999 Total .017 .040 26.108
2000 Total .018 .042 26.705
2001 Total .019 .042 26.276
2002 January .001 .003 2.124
February .001 .003 1.942
March .001 .003 2.200
April .001 .003 2.193
May .001 .003 2.284
June .002 .004 2.263
July .002 .004 2.346
August .002 .004 2.347
September .002 .004 2.183
October .002 .003 2.238
November .001 .003 2.214
December .001 .003 2.349
Total .018 .039 26.683
2003 January (R) .002 (R) .005 (R) 2.146
February (R) .002 (R) .004 (R) 1.997
March (R) .002 (R) .004 (R) 2.212
April (R) .002 (R) .004 2.188
May (R) .002 (R) .004 (R) 2.258
June .002 (R) .005 (R) 2.249
July .002 (R) .005 (R) 2.343
August .002 (R) .005 (R) 2.398
September .002 (R) .004 (R) 2.231
October .002 (R) .004 (R) 2.299
November (R) .002 (R) .004 (R) 2.207
December .002 (R) .004 (R) 2.355
Total (R) .024 (R) .053 (R) 26.884
2004 January .002 .005 (R) 2.196
February .002 .005 (R) 2.114
March .002 (R) .005 (R) 2.263
April .002 (R) .005 2.258
May .002 (R) .005 (R) 2.317
June .002 (R) .005 (R) 2.293
July .002 .005 (R) 2.396
August .002 .005 2.368
September .002 .005 (R) 2.288
October .002 .005 2.346
10-Month Total .022 .048 22.839
2003 10-Month Total .020 .045 22.321
2002 10-Month Total .015 .033 22.120
(a) All values are estimated; see Table 10.2b.
(b) Natural gas consumed in the operation of pipelines (primarily in
compressors) and small amounts consumed as vehicle fuel. See Table 4.4.
(c) Beginning in 1993, includes ethanol blended into motor gasoline.
(d) Beginning in 1993, ethanol blended into motor gasoline is included
in both “Petroleum” and “Alcohol Fuels,” but is counted only once in
both total primary consumption and total consumption.
(e) “Alcohol Fuels” is ethanol blended into motor gasoline.
(f) Electricity retail sales to ultimate customers reported by electric
utilities and, be inning in 1996, other energy service providers.
(g) See Note 12 at end of Section.
(h) Since 1978, the small amounts of coal consumed for transportation
are reported as industrial sector consumption.
(R)=Revised. (E)=Estimate. NA=Not available.
(s)=Less than 0.5 trillion Btu.
Notes: * Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent
rounding. * Geographic coverage is the 50 States and the District of
Columbia.
Web Page: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/consump.html.
Additional Notes and Sources: See end of section.
Table 2.6 Electric Power Sector Energy Consumption
(Quadrillion Btu)
Primary Consumption
Fossil Fuels
Natural
Coal Gas (a) Petroleum Total
1973 Total 8.658 3.748 3.515 15.921
1974 Total 8.534 3.519 3.365 15.418
1975 Total 8.786 3.240 3.166 15.191
1976 Total 9.720 3.152 3.477 16.349
1977 Total 10.262 3.284 3.901 17.446
1978 Total 10.238 3.297 3.987 17.522
1979 Total 11.260 3.613 3.283 18.156
1980 Total 12.123 3.810 2.634 18.567
1981 Total 12.583 3.768 2.202 18.553
1982 Total 12.582 3.342 1.568 17.491
1983 Total 13.213 2.998 1.544 17.754
1984 Total 14.019 3.220 1.286 18.526
1985 Total 14.542 3.160 1.090 18.792
1986 Total 14.444 2.691 1.452 18.586
1987 Total 15.173 2.935 1.257 19.365
1988 Total 15.850 2.709 1.563 20.123
1989 Total 16.137 3.192 1.703 21.032
1990 Total 16.261 3.332 1.289 20.883
1991 Total 16.250 3.399 1.198 20.847
1992 Total 16.466 3.534 .991 20.990
1993 Total 17.196 3.560 1.124 21.880
1994 Total 17.261 4.000 1.059 22.320
1995 Total 17.466 4.325 .755 22.546
1996 Total 18.429 3.883 .817 23.129
1997 Total 18.905 4.146 .927 23.977
1998 Total 19.216 4.698 1.306 25.220
1999 Total 19.279 4.926 1.211 25.416
2000 Total 20.220 5.316 1.144 26.680
2001 Total 19.614 5.481 1.277 26.371
2002 January 1.668 .389 .067 2.124
February 1.460 .351 .057 1.868
March 1.535 .415 .084 2.033
April 1.448 .412 .079 1.939
May 1.549 .418 .082 2.049
June 1.691 .562 .082 2.335
July 1.877 .749 .102 2.728
August 1.857 .732 .102 2.691
September 1.703 .580 .082 2.365
October 1.633 .451 .081 2.166
November 1.605 .359 .062 2.026
December 1.756 .367 .081 2.205
Total 19.783 5.785 .961 26.529
2003 January (R) 1.862 (R) .392 .126 (R) 2.380
February (R) 1.619 (R) .343 (R) .109 (R) 2.071
March (R) 1.601 (R) .370 (R) .103 (R) 2.074
April 1.467 (R) .361 (R) .089 (R) 1.917
May (R) 1.565 (R) .404 .081 (R) 2.049
June (R) 1.698 (R) .446 (R) .111 (R) 2.255
July (R) 1.895 (R) .646 .124 (R) 2.665
August (R) 1.927 (R) .701 .128 (R) 2.756
September (R) 1.718 (R) .480 .088 (R) 2.286
October (R) 1.648 (R) .419 (R) .085 (R) 2.152
November (R) 1.655 (R) .357 (R) .065 (R) 2.077
December (R) 1.829 (R) .344 (R) .098 (R) 2.272
Total (R) 20.485 (R) 5.264 (R) 1.205 (R) 26.954
2004 January (R) 1.869 (R) .361 (R) .148 (R) 2.378
February (R) 1.680 (R) .375 .091 (R) 2.146
March (R) 1.586 (R) .377 .095 (R) 2.058
April (R) 1.473 (R) .393 .089 (R) 1.954
May (R) 1.643 (R) .485 (R) .103 (R) 2.231
June (R) 1.753 (R) .512 .108 (R) 2.373
July (R) 1.901 (R) .631 .121 (R) 2.653
August 1.879 (R) .614 .112 (R) 2.605
September (R) 1.740 (R) .532 .088 (R) 2.360
October 1.657 .443 .077 2.177
10-Month Total 17.181 4.724 1.031 22.936
2003 10-Month Total 17.001 4.563 1.041 22.605
2002 10-Month Total 16.422 5.059 0.818 22.298
Primary Consumption
Renewable Energy
Hydro-
Nuclear electric Conventional Wood (c)
Electric Pumped Hydroelectric and
Power Storage (b) Power Wasted
1973 Total 0.910 (h) 2.827 0.003
1974 Total 1.272 (h) 3.143 .003
1975 Total 1.900 (h) 3.122 .002
1976 Total 2.111 (h) 2.943 .003
1977 Total 2.702 (h) 2.301 .005
1978 Total 3.024 (h) 2.905 .003
1979 Total 2.776 (h) 2.897 .005
1980 Total 2.739 (h) 2.867 .005
1981 Total 3.008 (h) 2.725 .004
1982 Total 3.131 (h) 3.233 .003
1983 Total 3.203 (h) 3.494 .004
1984 Total 3.553 (h) 3.353 .009
1985 Total 4.076 (h) 2.937 .014
1986 Total 4.380 (h) 3.038 .012
1987 Total 4.754 (h) 2.602 .015
1988 Total 5.587 (h) 2.302 .017
1989 Total 5.602 (h) 2.808 .232
1990 Total 6.104 -.036 3.014 .317
1991 Total 6.422 -.047 2.985 .354
1992 Total 6.479 -.043 2.586 .402
1993 Total 6.410 -.042 2.861 .415
1994 Total 6.694 -.035 2.620 .434
1995 Total 7.075 -.028 3.149 .422
1996 Total 7.087 -.032 3.528 .438
1997 Total 6.597 -.041 3.581 .446
1998 Total 7.068 -.046 3.241 .444
1999 Total 7.610 -.062 3.218 .453
2000 Total 7.862 -.057 2.768 .453
2001 Total 8.033 -.090 2.169 .450
2002 January .740 -.008 .218 .043
February .644 -.006 .201 .037
March .658 -.007 .210 .043
April .610 -.006 .242 .040
May .658 -.005 .267 .041
June .693 -.009 .283 .043
July .735 -.010 .255 .046
August .739 -.009 .211 .046
September .673 -.008 .170 .045
October .631 -.007 .170 .043
November .642 -.007 .195 .043
December .719 -.007 .214 .046
Total 8.143 -.088 2.636 .516
2003 January .722 -.008 (R) .205 (R) .045
February .636 -.008 (R) .197 (R) .039
March .626 -.008 .241 (R) .044
April .593 -.006 .248 (R) .041
May .649 -.006 (R) .293 (R) .042
June .670 -.008 (R) .285 (R) .043
July .727 -.008 (R) .247 .046
August .721 -.008 (R) .228 (R) .047
September .664 -.008 (R) .183 (R) .043
October .627 -.006 (R) .183 (R) .042
November .622 -.007 (R) .196 (R) .043
December .716 -.007 .238 (R) .046
Total 7.973 (R) -.086 (R) 2.744 (R) .522
2004 January .739 (R) -.007 .230 (R) .042
February .669 (R) -.007 .209 .040
March (R) .660 (R) -.006 (R) .227 .042
April .612 (R) -.006 (R) .209 .040
May .678 -.007 (R) .238 (R) .042
June .708 -.007 .252 (R) .042
July .751 -.007 .231 .046
August .742 -.008 (R) .216 .045
September .688 (R) -.007 .203 (R) .041
October .653 -.007 .188 .041
10-Month Total 6.900 -.069 2.203 .421
2003 10-Month Total 6.634 -.073 2.310 .432
2002 10-Month Total 6.782 -.075 2.227 .427
Renewable Energy
Solar (f)
Geo- and
thermal (e) Wind (g) Total
1973 Total 0.043 NA 2.873
1974 Total .053 NA 3.199
1975 Total .070 NA 3.194
1976 Total .078 NA 3.024
1977 Total .077 NA 2.383
1978 Total .064 NA 2.973
1979 Total .084 NA 2.986
1980 Total .110 NA 2.982
1981 Total .123 NA 2.852
1982 Total .105 NA 3.341
1983 Total .129 (s) 3.627
1984 Total .165 (s) 3.527
1985 Total .198 (s) 3.150
1986 Total .219 (s) 3.270
1987 Total .229 (s) 2.846
1988 Total .217 (s) 2.536
1989 Total .308 .025 3.372
1990 Total .326 .033 3.689
1991 Total .335 .036 3.710
1992 Total .338 .034 3.360
1993 Total .351 .036 3.662
1994 Total .325 .041 3.420
1995 Total .280 .038 3.889
1996 Total .300 .039 4.305
1997 Total .309 .039 4.375
1998 Total .311 .036 4.032
1999 Total .312 .051 4.034
2000 Total .296 .062 3.579
2001 Total .289 .074 2.982
2002 January .027 .008 .296
February .024 .007 .270
March .026 .009 .288
April .023 .011 .316
May .026 .011 .345
June .024 .012 .362
July .027 .010 .337
August .026 .011 .293
September .025 .008 .248
October .026 .008 .247
November .025 .007 .270
December .026 .008 .293
Total .305 .110 3.567
2003 January (R) .026 (R) .007 (R) .283
February (R) .024 (R) .008 (R) .267
March (R) .025 .011 (R) .321
April (R) .025 .012 (R) .325
May (R) .025 (R) .011 (R) .370
June (R) .026 (R) .012 (R) .366
July (R) .026 .010 (R) .330
August (R) .026 .009 (R) .309
September (R) .025 (R) .010 (R) .261
October (R) .025 (R) .009 (R) .260
November (R) .024 .010 (R) .273
December (R) .027 .011 .322
Total (R) .303 (R) .118 (R) 3.687
2004 January .026 (R) .011 (R) .309
February .025 (R) .011 .284
March .025 (R) .014 (R) .308
April .024 (R) .014 .286
May .025 (R) .018 .323
June .025 .015 .333
July .260 .012 .315
August .026 .011 (R) .297
September .024 .012 .280
October .026 .011 .266
10-Month Total .251 .127 3.003
2003 10-Month Total .252 .097 3.092
2002 10-Month Total .254 .096 3.003
Electricity
Net Total
Imports Primary
1973 Total 0.049 19.753
1974 Total .043 19.933
1975 Total .021 20.307
1976 Total .029 21.513
1977 Total .059 22.591
1978 Total .067 23.587
1979 Total .069 23.987
1980 Total .071 24.359
1981 Total .113 24.525
1982 Total .100 24.063
1983 Total .121 24.705
1984 Total .135 25.741
1985 Total .140 26.158
1986 Total .122 26.359
1987 Total .158 27.124
1988 Total .108 28.354
1989 Total .037 30.044
1990 Total .008 30.647
1991 Total .067 30.999
1992 Total .087 30.873
1993 Total .095 32.006
1994 Total .153 32.551
1995 Total .134 33.616
1996 Total .137 34.626
1997 Total .116 35.024
1998 Total .088 36.363
1999 Total .099 37.097
2000 Total .115 38.180
2001 Total .075 37.372
2002 January .009 3.162
February .007 2.782
March .006 2.978
April .006 2.866
May .003 3.050
June .007 3.388
July .012 3.803
August .010 3.724
September .006 3.284
October .005 3.042
November .004 2.935
December .003 3.214
Total .078 38.228
2003 January .005 (R) 3.383
February .004 (R) 2.971
March -.001 (R) 3.012
April .003 (R) 2.832
May .001 (R) 3.064
June .001 (R) 3.284
July .010 (R) 3.724
August .008 (R) 3.785
September -.002 (R) 3.202
October -.006 (R) 3.025
November -.003 (R) 2.962
December .001 (R) 3.304
Total .022 (R) 38.549
2004 January (s) (R) 3.419
February .000 (R) 3.092
March -.003 (R) 3.017
April (s) (R) 2.846
May .001 (R) 3.226
June .002 (R) 3.409
July .010 (R) 3.723
August .012 (R) 3.648
September .003 (R) 3.324
October .004 3.093
10-Month Total .028 32.798
2003 10-Month Total .024 32.283
2002 10-Month Total .071 32.080
(a) Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that
cannot be identified separately.
(b) Pumped storage facility production minus energy used for pumping.
(c) Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste.
(d) Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires,
agricultural byproducts, and other biomass.
(e) Geothermal electricity net generation.
(f) Solar thermal and photovoltaic electricity net generation.
(g) Wind electricity net generation.
(h) Included in conventional hydroelectric power.
(i) Through 1988, data are for consumption at electric utilities only.
Beginning in 1989, data also include consumption at independent power
producers.
(R)=Revised. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 0.5 trillion Btu.
Notes: * Data are for fuels consumed to produce electricity and useful
thermal output. The electric power sector comprises electricity-only
and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS 22 category
whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat,
to the public. * Totals may not equal sum of components due to
independent rounding. * Geographic coverage is the 50 States and the
District of Columbia.
Web Page: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/consump.html.
Additional Notes and Sources: See end of section.
Figure 2.1 Energy Consumption by Sector
[GRAPHICS OMITTED]By Sector, October 2004
Primary Consumption Total Consumption
Residential 0.387 1.412
Commercial 0.246 1.365
Industrial 1.916 2.859
Transportation 2.339 2.346
Electric Power 3.093
Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be compared.
Web Page: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/consump.html
Source: Table 2.1
Note: Table made from bar graph.
Figure 2.2 Residential Sector Energy Consumption
[GRAPHICS OMITTED]Total, January-October
2002 17.051
2003 17.489
2004 17.539
Note: Table made from bar graph.
By Major Sources, October 2004
Natural Gas 0.222
Electricity 0.319
Petroleum 0.128
Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be compared.
Web Page: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/consump.html.
Source: Table 2.2
Note: Table made from bar graph.
Figure 2.3 Commercial Sector Energy Consumption
[GRAPHICS OMITTED]Total, January-October
2002 14.521
2003 14.456
2004 14.590
By Major Sources, October 2004
Natural Gas 0.169
Electricity 0.348
Petroleum 0.061
Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be compared.
Web Page: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/consump.html.
Source: Table 2.3
Note: Table made from bar graph.
Figure 2.4 Industrial Sector Energy Consumption
[GRAPHICS OMITTED]Total, January-October
2002 27.375
2003 27.268
2994 27.838
By Major Sources, October 2004
Petroleum 0.875
Natural Gas 0.693
Electricity 0.293
Renewable Energy 0.151
Coal 0.191
Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be compared.
Web Page: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/consump.html.
Source: Table 2.4
Note: Table made from bar graph.
Figure 2.5 Transportation Sector Energy Consumption
[GRAPHICS OMITTED]Total, January-October
2002 22.120
2003 22.321
2004 22.839
Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be compared.
Web Page: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/consump.html.
Source: Table 2.5
Note: Table made from bar graph.
Figure 2.6 Electric Power Sector Energy Consumption
[GRAPHICS OMITTED]Total, January-October
2002 32.080
2003 32.283
2004 32.798
(a) Conventional and pumped storage hydroelectric power.
Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be compared.
By Major Sources, October 2004
Coal 1.657
Nuclear Electric Power 0.653
Natural Gas 0.443
Hydroelectric Power (a) 0.182
Petroleum 0.077
Web Page: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/consump.html.
Source: Table 2.6.
Note: Table made from bar graph.
Energy Consumption by Sector
Most of the data in this section of the Monthly Energy Review (MER) is developed from a group of energy-related surveys, typically called “supply surveys,” conducted by the Energy Information Administration (EIA). Supply surveys are directed to suppliers and marketers of specific energy sources. They measure the quantities of specific energy sources produced, or the quantities supplied to the market, or both. The data obtained from EIA’s supply surveys are integrated to yield the summary consumption statistics published in this section (and in Section 1) of the MER.
Users of EIA’s energy consumption statistics should be aware of a second group of energy-related surveys, typically called “consumption surveys.” Consumption surveys gather information on the types of energy consumed by end users of energy, along with the characteristics of those end users that can be associated with energy use. For example, the Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey belongs to the consumption survey group because it collects information directly from end users (the manufacturing establishments). There are important differences between the supply and consumption surveys that need to be taken into account in any analysis that uses both data sources. For information on those differences, see Energy Consumption by End-Use Sector, A Comparison of Measures by Consumption and Supply Surveys, DOE/EIA-0533, Energy Information Administration, Washington, DC, April 6, 1990.
Note 1. Energy Consumption:
Primary Consumption: Consumption in the five energy-use sectors (residential, commercial, industrial, transportation, and electric power) consists of fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, and petroleum), some secondary energy derived from fossil fuels (supplemental gaseous fuels and coal coke net imports), nuclear electric power, pumped-storage hydroelectric power, renewable energy, and net imports of electricity. Renewable energy consumption is the end-use consumption of wood, waste, alcohol fuels, geothermal heat pump and direct use energy, solar thermal direct use and photovoltaic energy and net electricity generation from conventional hydroelectric power, wood, waste, geothermal, solar, and wind.
Total Consumption: In addition to primary consumption in the four end-use sectors (residential, commercial, industrial, and transportation), total consumption also includes retail sales of electricity and electrical system energy losses (see Note 12).
Note 2. Energy-Use Sectors: The five major economic sectors–residential, commercial, industrial, transportation, and electric power–are called energy-use sectors in this report. The first four sectors comprise the end-use sectors, that is, the point of final consumption of the energy. Energy consumption is assigned to the five energy-use sectors, as closely as possible, by the following definitions:
Residential Sector–An energy-consuming sector that consists of living quarters for private households. Common uses of energy associated with this sector include space heating, water heating, air conditioning, lighting, refrigeration, cooking, and running a variety of other appliances. The residential sector excludes institutional living quarters. For further explanation see: http://www.eia.doe.gov/neic/datadefinitions/Guideforwebres.htm.
Commercial Sector–An energy-consuming sector that consists of service-providing facilities and equipment of: businesses; Federal, State, and local governments; and other private and public organizations, such as religious, social, or fraternal groups. The commercial sector includes institutional living quarters. Common uses of energy associated with this sector include space heating, water heating, air conditioning, lighting, refrigeration, cooking, and running a wide variety of other equipment. Note: This sector includes generators that produce electricity and/or useful thermal output primarily to support the activities of the abovementioned commercial establishments. For further information, see: http://www.eia.doe.gov/neic/datadefinitions/Guideforwebcom.htm.
Industrial Sector–An energy-consuming sector that consists of all facilities and equipment used for producing, processing, or assembling goods. The industrial sector encompasses the following types of activity: manufacturing (NAICS (North American Industry Classification System) codes 31-33); agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting (NAICS code 11); mining, including oil and gas extraction (NAICS code 21); and construction (NAICS code 23). Overall energy use in this sector is largely for process heat and cooling and powering machinery, with lesser amounts used for facility heating, air conditioning, and lighting. Fossil fuels are also used as raw material inputs to manufactured products. Note: This sector includes generators that produce electricity and/or useful thermal output primarily to support the above-mentioned industrial activities. For further information, see: http://www.eia.doe.gov/neic/datadefinitions/Guideforwebind.htm.
Transportation Sector–An energy-consuming sector that consists of all vehicles whose primary purpose is transporting people and/or goods from one physical location to another. Included are automobiles; trucks; buses; motorcycles; trains, subways, and other rail vehicles; aircraft; and ships, barges, and other waterborne vehicles. Vehicles whose primary purpose is not transportation (e.g., construction cranes and bulldozers, farming vehicles, and warehouse tractors and forklifts) are classified in the sector of their primary use. Note: Various EIA programs differ in sectoral coverage. For further information see: http://www.eia.doe.gov/neic/datadefinitons/Guideforwebtrans.htm.
Electric Power Sector–An energy-consuming sector that consists of electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public–i.e., North American Industry Classification System 22 plants.
Although the energy-use allocations are made according to these aggregations as closely as possible, some data are collected by using different classifications. For example, electric power facilities may classify commercial and industrial users by the quantity of electricity purchased rather than by the business activity of the purchaser. Natural gas used in agriculture, forestry, and fisheries was collected and reported in the commercial sector through 1995. Beginning with 1996 data, deliveries of natural gas for agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting are reported in the industrial sector instead. Another example is master-metered condominiums and apartments, and buildings with a combination of residential and commercial units. In many cases, the metering and billing practices cause residential energy usage of electricity, natural gas, or fuel oil to be included in the commercial sector. No adjustments for these discrepancies were made.
Note 3. Conversion Factors: See Appendix A.
Note 4. Coal: See Tables 6.2 and A5.
Note 5. Coal Coke Net Imports: Net imports means imports minus exports, and a minus sign indicates that exports are greater than imports. Coal coke net imports are included in the industrial sector.
Sources :
1973-1975: DOI, BOM, Minerals Yearbook, “Coke and Coal Chemicals” chapter.
1976-1980: EIA, Energy Data Report, “Coke and Coal Chemicals” annual.
1981: EIA, Energy Data Report, “Coke Plant Report,” quarterly.
1982 forward: EIA, Quarterly Coal Report.
Note 6. Natural Gas: See Tables 4.4 and A4. For Section 2 calculations, lease and plant fuel consumption are included in the industrial sector, and pipeline fuel use of natural gas is included in the transportation sector. For 1973-1979, annual values for residential and commercial natural gas consumption are allocated to the months in proportion to the monthly sales data from the American Gas Association, “Monthly Gas Utility Statistical Report.”
Note 7. Petroleum: Petroleum consumption in this section of the Monthly Energy Review (MER) is the series called “petroleum product supplied” from Section 3.
The sources for petroleum product supplied by product are:
1973-1975: DOI, BOM, Mineral Industry Surveys, “Petroleum Statement, Annual.”
1976-1980: EIA, Energy Data Reports, “Petroleum Statement, Annual.”
1981-2003: EIA, Petroleum Supply Annual.
2004 forward: EIA, Petroleum Supply Monthly.
Energy-use allocation procedures by individual product are as follows:
Aviation Gasoline–All consumption of aviation gasoline is assigned to the transportation sector.
Asphalt–All consumption of asphalt is assigned to the industrial sector.
Distillate Fuel–Distillate fuel consumption is assigned to the sectors as follows:
Distillate Fuel Consumed by the Electric Power Sector, All Time Periods–See Tables 7.3b and 7.4b. For 1973-1979, electric utility consumption of distillate fuel is assumed to be the amount of petroleum (minus small amounts of kerosene and kerosene-type jet fuel deliveries) consumed in gas turbine and internal combustion plants. For 1980-2000, electric utility consumption of distillate fuel is assumed to be the amount of light oil (fuel oil nos. 1 and 2, plus small amounts of kerosene and jet fuel) consumed.
Distillate Fuel Consumed by End-Use Sectors, Annually Through 2000–The aggregate end-use amount is total distillate fuel supplied minus the amount consumed for electric power. The end-use total consumed annually is allocated into the individual end-use sectors (residential, commercial, industrial, and transportation) in proportion to each sector’s share of “adjusted sales” as reported in EIA’s Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales (Sales) report series (DOE/EIA-0535), which is based primarily on data collected by Form EIA-821, previously Form EIA-172. “Adjusted sales” are sales that have been adjusted to equal EIA distillate fuel product supplied.
Following are notes on the individual sector groupings:
Since 1979, the residential sector adjusted sales total is directly from the Sales reports. Prior to 1979, each year’s sales subtotal of the heating plus industrial category is split into residential, commercial, and industrial (including farm) in proportion to the 1979 shares.
Since 1979, the commercial sector adjusted sales total is directly from the Sales reports. Prior to 1979, each year’s sales subtotal of the heating plus industrial category is split into residential, commercial, and industrial (including farm) in proportion to the 1979 shares.
Since 1979, the industrial sector adjusted sales total is the sum of the adjusted sales for industrial, farm, oil company, off-highway diesel, and all other uses. Prior to 1979, each year’s sales subtotal of the heating plus industrial category is split into residential, commercial, and industrial (including farm) in proportion to the 1979 shares, and this estimated industrial portion is added to oil company, off-highway diesel, and all other uses.
The transportation sector adjusted sales total is the sum of the adjusted sales for railroad, vessel bunkering, on-highway diesel, and military uses for all years.
Distillate Fuel Consumed by End-Use Sectors, Monthly Through 2000–Residential and commercial monthly consumption is estimated by allocating the annual estimates, which are described above, into the months in proportion to each month’s share of the year’s sales of No. 2 heating oil. The years’ sales totals are from the following sources: for 1973-1980, the Ethyl Corporation, Monthly Report of Heating Oil Sales; for 1981 and 1982, the American Petroleum Institute, Monthly Report of Heating Oil Sales; and for 1983 forward, EIA, Form EIA-782A, “Refiners’/Gas Plant Operators’ Monthly Petroleum Product Sales Report,” No. 2 Fuel Oil Sales to End Users and for Resale.
The transportation highway use portion is allocated into the months in proportion to each month’s share of the year’s total sales for highway use as reported by the Federal Highway Administration’s Table MF-25, “Private and Commercial Highway Use of Special Fuels by Months.” After 1993, the sales-for-highway-use data are no longer available as a monthly series; the 1993 data are used for allocating succeeding year’s totals into months. The remaining transportation use of distillate fuel (i.e., for railroads, vessel bunkering, and military use) is evenly distributed over the months, adjusted for the number of days per month.
Industrial monthly estimates are calculated as the difference between the sum of the estimates for residential, commercial, transportation, and electric power sectors and total distillate fuel consumption.
Distillate Fuel Consumed by End-Use Sectors, 2001 Forward–Each month’s end-use consumption total is disaggregated into the individual sectors in proportion to the share that each sector held of the total in the same month in 2000. Annual values are the sum of the monthly values.
Jet Fuel–Through 1982, small amounts of kerosene-type jet fuel were consumed by the electric power sector. Kerosene-type jet fuel deliveries to the electric power sector as reported on the Form FERC-423 (formerly Form FPC423) were used as estimates of this consumption. All remaining jet fuel (kerosene-type and naphtha-type) is consumed by the transportation sector.
Kerosene–Kerosene product supplied is allocated into the individual end-use sectors (residential, commercial, and industrial) in proportion to each sector’s share of “sales” as reported in EIA’s Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales (Sales) report series (DOE/EIA-0535), which is based primarily on data collected by Form EIA-821, previously Form EIA-172.
Since 1979, the residential sector sales total is directly from the Sales reports. Prior to 1979, each year’s sales category called “heating” is split into residential, commercial, and industrial in proportion to the 1979 shares.
Since 1979, the commercial sector sales total is directly from the Sales reports. Prior to 1979, each year’s sales category called “heating” is split into residential, commercial, and industrial in proportion to the 1979 shares.
Since 1979, the industrial sector sales total is the sum of the adjusted sales for industrial, farm, and all other uses. Prior to 1979, each year’s sales category called “heating” is split into residential, commercial and industrial in proportion to the 1979 shares, and this estimated industrial (including farm) portion is added to all other uses.
Liquefied Petroleum Gases (LPG)–The annual shares of LPG’s total consumption that are estimated to be used by each sector are applied to each month’s total LPG consumption to create monthly sector consumption estimates. The annual sector shares are calculated as described below.
Sales of LPG to the residential and commercial sector are converted from thousand gallons per year to thousand barrels per year and are assumed to be the annual consumption of LPG by the sector.
The quantity of LPG sold each year for consumption in internal combustion engines is allocated between the transportation and industrial sectors on the basis of data for special fuels used on highways published by the U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, in Highway Statistics. The allocations of LPG sold for internal combustion engine use to the transportation sector range from a low of 20 percent (in 2001) to a high of 73 percent (in 1994).
LPG consumed annually by the industrial sector is estimated as the difference between LPG total supplied and the estimated consumption of LPG by the sum of the residential and commercial sector and the transportation sector. The industrial sector includes LPG used by chemical plants as raw materials or solvents and used in the production of synthetic rubber; refinery fuel use; use as synthetic natural gas feedstock and use in secondary recovery projects; all farm use; LPG sold to gas utility companies for distribution through the mains; and a portion of the use of LPG as an internal combustion engine fuel.
Sources of the annual sales data for creating annual energy shares are:
1973-1982: EIA’s “Sales of Liquefied Petroleum Gases and Ethane” reports, based primarily on data collected by Form EIA-174.
1983: End-use consumption estimates for 1983 are based on
1982 end-use consumption because the collection of data under Form EIA-174 was discontinued after data year 1982.
1984-forward: American Petroleum Institute (API), “Sales of Natural Gas Liquids and Liquefied Refinery Gases,” which is based on an LPG sales survey jointly sponsored by API, the Gas Processors Association, and the National Liquefied Petroleum Gas Association. EIA adjusts the data to remove quantities of pentanes plus and to estimate withheld values.
Lubricants–The consumption of lubricants is allocated to the industrial and transportation sectors for all months according to proportions developed from annual sales of lubricants to the two sectors from U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Current Industrial Reports, “Sales of Lubricating and Industrial Oils and Greases.” The 1973 shares are applied to 1973 and 1974; the 1975 shares are applied to 1975 and 1976; and the 1977 shares are applied to 1977 forward.
Motor Gasoline–The total monthly consumption of motor gasoline is allocated to the sectors in proportion to aggregations of annual sales categories created on the basis of the U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics, Tables MF-21, MF-24, and MF-25, as follows:
Commercial sales are the sum of sales for public non-highway use and miscellaneous and unclassified uses.
Industrial sales are the sum of sales for agriculture, construction, and industrial and commercial use as classified in the Highway Statistics.
Transportation sales are the sum of sales for highway use (minus the sales of special fuels, which are primarily diesel fuel and are accounted for in the transportation sector of distillate fuel) and sales for marine use.
Petroleum Coke–Portions of petroleum coke are consumed by the electric power sector (see Tables 7.3b and 7.4b) and the commercial sector (see sources for Table 7.4c). The remaining petroleum coke is assigned to the industrial sector.
Residual Fuel–Residual fuel consumption is assigned to the sectors as follows:
Residual Fuel Consumed by the Electric Power Sector, All Time Periods–See Tables 7.3b and 7.4b. For 1973-1979, electric utility consumption of residual fuel is assumed to be the amount of petroleum consumed in steam-electric power plants. For 1980-2000, electric utility consumption of residual fuel is assumed to be the amount of heavy oil (fuel oil nos. 4, 5, and 6) consumed.
Residual Fuel Consumed by End-Use Sectors, Annually Through 2000–The aggregate end-use amount is total residual fuel supplied minus the amount consumed for electric power. The end-use total consumed annually is allocated into the individual end-use sectors (commercial, industrial, and transportation) in proportion to each sector’s share of “adjusted sales” as reported in EIA’s Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales (Sales) report series (DOE/EIA-535), which is based primarily on data collected by Form EIA-821, previously Form EIA-172). “Adjusted sales” are sales that have been adjusted to equal EIA residual fuel product supplied.
Following are notes on the individual sector groupings:
Since 1979, commercial sales data are directly from the Sales reports. Prior to 1979, each year’s sales subtotal of the heating plus industrial category is split into commercial and industrial in proportion to the 1979 shares.
Since 1979, industrial sales data are the sum of sales for industrial, oil company, and all other uses. Prior to 1979, each year’s sales subtotal of the heating plus industrial category is split into commercial and industrial in proportion to the 1979 shares, and this estimated industrial portion is added to oil company and all other uses.
Transportation sales are the sum of sales for railroad, vessel bunkering, and military uses for all years.
Residual Fuel Consumed by End-Use Sectors, Monthly Through 2000–Commercial monthly consumption is estimated by allocating the annual estimates, which are described above, into the months in proportion to each month’s share of the year’s sales of No. 2 heating oil. The years’ sales totals are from the following sources: for 19731980, the Ethyl Corporation, Monthly Report of Heating Oil Sales; for 1981 and 1982, the American Petroleum Institute, Monthly Report of Heating Oil Sales; and for 1983-1996, EIA, Form EIA-782A, “Refiners’/Gas Plant Operators’ Monthly Petroleum Product Sales Report,” No. 2 Fuel Oil Sales to End Users and for Resale.
Transportation monthly estimates are made by evenly distributing the annual sector estimate over the months, adjusting for the number of days per month.
Industrial monthly estimates are calculated as the difference between the sum of the estimates for commercial, transportation, and electric power sectors and total residual fuel consumption.
Residual Fuel Consumption by End-Use Sectors, 2001 Forward–Each month’s end-use consumption total is disaggregated into the individual sectors in proportion to the share that each sector held of the total in the same month in 2000. Annual values are the sum of the monthly values.
Road Oil–All consumption of road oil is assigned to the industrial sector.
All Other Petroleum Products–Consumption of all remaining petroleum products is assigned to the industrial sector.
Note 8. Nuclear Electric Power: See Tables 8.1 and A6. Nuclear electric power is included in the electric power sector.
Note 9. Hydroelectric Pumped Storage: See Tables 7.2a and A6. Pumped-storage hydroelectric power is included in the electric power sector.
Note 10. Renewable Energy: See Tables 10.2a-10.2c. End-use consumption of wood, waste, alcohol fuels, geothermal heat pump and direct use energy, and solar thermal direct use and photovoltaic energy is included in the end-use sectors. Included in the electric power sector are: net electricity generation from conventional hydroelectric power, wood, waste, geothermal, solar, and wind.
Note 11. Electricity: End-use consumption of electricity is based on the “New Basis” retail sales data in Table 7.6. Kilowatthours are converted to Btu at the rate of 3,412 Btu per kilowatthour.
Note 12. Electrical System Energy Losses: Electrical system energy losses are calculated as the difference between total primary consumption by the electric power sector (see Table 2.6) and the total energy content of electricity retail sales (see Tables 7.6 and A6). Most of these Posses occur at steam-electric power plants (conventional and nuclear) in the conversion of heat energy into mechanical energy to turn electric generators. The loss is a thermodynamically necessary feature of the steam-electric cycle. Part of the energy input-to-output losses is a result of imputing fossil energy equivalent inputs for hydroelectric and other energy sources, since there is no generally accepted practice for measuring those thermal conversion rates. In addition to conversion losses, other losses include power plant use of electricity, transmission and distribution of electricity from power plants to end-use consumers (also called “line losses”), and unaccounted for electricity. Total losses are allocated to the end-use sectors in proportion to each sector’s share of total electricity sales. Overall, approximately 67 percent of total energy input is lost in conversion; of electricity generated, approximately 5 percent is lost in plant use and 9 percent is lost in transmission and distribution.
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